问题 阅读理解与欣赏

中国需克制“亮剑”冲动

陶斯咏

       ①2010年新年伊始,民间有三种声音惹人注目:一是中国应该强力报复美国售台先进武器,二是及时出兵阿富汗和开放瓦罕走廊,三是设立海外航运补给基地。这说明不少人认为中国是时候展示肌肉了。但笔者认为,中国应当学会适当遏制和调节自己的“亮剑”冲动。       

  ②“亮剑”自然需要“两强相遇勇者胜”的豪气,但同样取决于自身实力强大与否。经过60年来的长期积累,尤其是近30年来的快速发展,中国确实取得了一些值得自豪的成绩,比如2009年中国GDP总量位居世界第二、出口贸易额位居世界第一,而且是美国最大债券持有国。然而,只要仔细分析一下就会发现,类似数字并不能简单等同于中国实力强大。事实上,仅占美国GDP总量30%左右的中国,却是世界上最大的贸易出口国,尤其是在考虑到中国外贸经济还大多处于全球产业利润链低端的情况下,本身就说明中国还仅仅是一个世界经济的“长工”。 

       ③更为主要的是,中国经济发展尚未及时与合理的转化为社会福祉。相反,环境恶化、资源耗竭、生态失衡成为中国经济发展的脆弱环节。在这种情况下,百姓最为关心的恐怕还是自己能否买得起房、上得起学、找得到工作以及有一个舒心的社会生活环境。中国需要为解决国内民生问题而争取和平的国际空间。

       ④此外,按照中国社会科学院的说法,依据军事装备和军事人员的数量和规模,中国军力位居世界第二。这种认定方法科学与否另当别论,但即使中国综合军力确实位居世界第二,与美国军力相比也根本不在一个层级上。坦言之,中国还不具备与美国打一场战争的能力和胜算。须知,在高科技战争形态下,仅凭“拼刺刀式”的“亮剑”勇气,是远远不够的。

       ⑤当然,国家利益不容侵犯,“以直报怨”合情合理。但是,强力报复乃至军力对抗并不是维护国家利益的唯一方式和手段。事实上,在全球化愈来愈迅猛、人类联系愈来愈紧密的今天,灵活运用与充分发挥“巧实力”的作用,已经成为绝大多数国家维护国家利益的不二法门。

       ⑥要求“亮剑”的呼声,实际上正中美国等西方发达国家下怀。美国售台先进武器等举动,不仅意在阻挠中国统一大业,还意在激起中美军事对抗和竞赛,从而重演上个世纪美苏军备竞赛进而拖垮苏联帝国的一幕。与此同时,中国在全球气候问题、联合国会费问题特别是出兵阿富汗等问题上,承担所谓“更大的世界责任”,正是其求之不得之事。但是,美国“拉屎”,中国何必为其“擦屁股”呢?

       ⑦笔者认为,“韬光养晦”是中国长治久安的发展大计。或者说,中国必须全力专注于国内的发展与和谐,而对于国际问题和外交问题,也需要本着“修文德以来之”的传统文化精神,增强中国的“软实力”加以解决之。换而言之,中国需要通过改变自身来改变世界——这不是“文弱”,而是“文德”,符合中国几千年来的传统文化,也是中国的国家道德指向。

1、这篇选文的中心论点是什么?

   ________________________________________________________________________________________

2、请根据选文第②—④段的论证思路,填写出相应的内容。

    “亮剑”需要实力再强大——___________________________——“亮剑”需要中国军力再上层级

3、2010年2月18日,美国总统奥巴马不顾中国的强烈反对和多次交涉,在白宫会见了第十四世达赖喇嘛。我们是否可以展示“亮剑”精神予以反击?请简要阐述理由。

   ________________________________________________________________________________________ 

答案

1、中国应当学会适当遏制和调节自己的武力报复的冲动。 

2、“亮剑”需要经济更发达。

3、答案示例:现在还不是展示“亮剑”精神予以反击的时候。奥巴马会见达赖,是攸关中国核心国家利益的敏感事件。“正如奥巴马去年访华时温 * * 所言,中美和则两利、斗则两伤。中美双方都意在控制危机,以大局为重的观念很明确,努力把损耗降到最低。在重大问题上,双方应努力保持官方外交、民间外交的协调性。(开放性试题,可自由发挥,要言之有理)

阅读理解
阅读理解。
                                                        The Changing Olympic Games
        The Olympic Games have changed a lot since they were first held in Athens, Greece, in 1896. Back then,
winners got silver medals instead of gold ones. Sounds strange, doesn't it? People thought silver was better than
gold. Also, no women ran in the first Olympics, and only 14 countries took part. China was not one of them.
But those aren't the only differences.
        The Frenchman Baron Pierre de Coubertin (顾拜旦) was the man who really wanted the Games to start
again. His idea for the modern Olympics came from the Greek Games thousands of years ago. He hoped they
would help to bring world peace.
        But it took time for the Olympics to become popular. Not many people thought they were good ideas in
1896, so they were put together poorly. Some tourists even ran in races! Today, more than 10,000 people from
about 200 countries take part.
        In the early years of the Olympics, there weren't many sports. Most events were track and field (田径),
much like in the first Greek Games. Events usually took place in the Panathenaic Stadium (雅典体育场), and
you can still see it today. Players did not wear their countries' colors in 1896. Their clothes were not like the
uniforms people wear today. In fact, players weren't even picked by their countries back then. They traveled to
the Games by themselves and had to use their own money to take part.
         New sports have been put into the Olympics over time, like badminton and table tennis. Some older games
are no longer played, like tug-of-war (拔河). It would be hard to see all the events at this year's Games. There
will be over 300!
         Swimming was different in 1896. There was a 1,200-metre race in the sea. A boat took swimmers out
into the sea and left them to swim back to land. Sometimes rough water made the race dangerous. The first
person ever to win that race was Hungarian Alfred Hajos. He seemed happy just to finish."I just wanted to live.
That's more important than winning," he said. When people or teams won events in 1896, they didn't get the
same things as now. They got olive wreaths (橄榄枝花环) to put on their heads and silver medals.
1. In the first Olympic, winners were given            .
[ ]
A、gold medals and olive wreaths
B、silver and gold medals
C、olive wreaths and flowers
D、silver medals and olive wreaths
2. Baron Pierre de Coubertin wanted the Olympic Games to start again because            .
[ ]
A、may people thought they were good ideas
B、they became popular in 1896
C、he hoped they would help to bring world peace
D、no women ran in the first Olympics
3. In the early years of the Olympics           .
[ ]
A、most events were track and field
B、players wore the uniforms people wear today
C、people from about 200 countries took part
D、events usually took place in many other countries
4. ________ are no longer played in the modern Olympics.
[ ]
A、Running
B、Tug-of-war
C、Table tennis
D、Swimming
5. The sentence underlined in the text really means            .
[ ]
A、some events will no longer be played in this year's Games
B、there will be too many events for you to see all
C、the Olympic Games have changed a lot
D、events will take place in the Panathenaic Stadium
选择题