阅读下面的文字，完成文后题目。

金风换成了北风，秋去冬来了。冬天刚刚冒了个头，落了一场初雪，我满庭斗艳争娇的芳菲，顿然失色，鲜红的老来娇，还有各色的傲霜菊花，一夜全白了头。两棵丁香，叶子簌簌辞柯了，像一声声年华消失的感叹。

每到这个季节，十一月上旬，我生上了炉火，一直到明年四月初，将近半年的时光，我进入静多动少的生活。每到安炉子和撤火的时候，我的心里总有感触，季候的变迁，情绪的转换，打下了很鲜明、很深刻的印记。        (节选自臧克家《炉火》)

第一段，作者写了“秋去冬来”的景色，这样写有什么作用？请简要分析。

答：________________________________________________________________________

Ravi, like many project （）, had studied the waterfall model of software development as the primary software life-cycle （）. He was all set to use it for an upcoming project, his first assignment. However, Ravi found that the waterfall model could not be used because the customer wanted the software delivered in stages, something that implied that the system had to be delivered and built in （） and not as （）.

The situation in many other projects is not very different. The real world rarely presents a problem in which a standard process, or the process used in a previous project, is the best choice. To be the most suitable, an existing process must be （） to the new problem.

A development process, even after tailoring, generally cannot handle change requests. To accommodate change requests without losing control of the project, you must supplement the development process with a requirement change management process.

Ravi, like many project （）

A．customers

B．managers

C．users

D．administrators