历史学家王家范说：中国古代手工业的三种基本形态的分布态势，极像哑铃，两头粗壮，中间细长。“细长”者在这种“分布态势”中应为
A．官营手工业
B．家庭手工业
C．民营手工业
D．工场手工业
答案：C
题目分析：本题主要考查学生对基础知识的识记能力，比较简单。根据材料和所学知识可知：官营手工业占主导，家庭手工业占相当比重，“两头粗壮”是指官营手工业和家庭手工业；民营手工业发展缓慢，“中间细长”是指民营手工业。所以答案选C。
Every year there are hundreds of earthquakes in different parts of the world. In Sept.1923, Tokyo and Yokohama were both destroyed by an earthquake and the fires that followed it. They had to be completely rebuilt. One of the most serious earthquakes was in China’s Shanxi Province in 1556. It killed almost one million people. We measure an earthquake’s strength on the Richter scale. The Richter scale was introduced in 1935 in Southern California in the USA. It measures earthquakes on a scale of one to ten. Any earthquake measuring five or more is usually serious. The earth’s crust (地壳) is made up of layers of rock called plates. As these plates move, they sometimes crash against each other, causing the crust to quake. In cities such as Tokyo, where small quakes happen quite often, many modern buildings are designed to be flexible so when the earth moves, they move with it. Earthquakes can also break up gas or oil pipes. This can cause fires to break out, which can do as much damage as the earthquake itself. Another effect of earthquakes is tsunamis (海啸). These are huge waves created by earthquakes beneath the sea. They can be many meters high and cause great damage to coastal towns and cities. China, Japan, Russia and the USA have the highest occurrence (发生) of earthquakes in the world.
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