问题 填空题

辨析:有人认为,我国的税收既然是用之于民的,就没有必要再多此一举,取之于民。(10分)

答案

(1)税收的产生是与国家的产生联系在一起的,国家要存在,要履行其职能,就必须有财力作物质保障。为此,就要征税,就要取之于民。 (2)我国是以公有制为基础的社会主义国家,国家的税收都是用之于民的,但并非也不能简单地又归还纳税人,而必须通过促进经济和社会发展,正确处理整体和局部、长远利益和目前利益之间的关系,使全体劳动人民从中受益。因为,广大劳动人民的根本利益是一致的,但目前利益与长远利益、局部利益和整体利益之间又是有矛盾的,通过国家政治权力的力量,通过征税、用税的过程,有利于解决好这些具体利益矛盾,从而更好地维护人民的利益。(10分)

“税收取之于民,用之于民”,不只是一句口号,它反映了征税主体——政府和纳税主体——纳税人之间的权利义务关系,是现代政府履行职能的必然要求。,“取之于民”与“用之于民”是不可分割的,否则,政府与纳税人的权利与义务关系就会被打破而处于不稳定状态。不过,相比较而言,“用之于民”或许显得更为重要,因为政府征税只是手段,使用税款提供公 * * 品才是目的。

选择题
单项选择题

Questions 6-10 are based on Passage Two:Passage TwoEducating girls quite possibly yields a higher rate of return than any other investment available in the developing world. Women’s education may be unusual territory for economists, but enhancing women’s contribution to development is actually as much an economic as a social issue. And economics, with its emphasis on incentives, provides guideposts that point to an explanation for why so many girls are deprived of an education.Parents in low-income countries fail to invest in their daughters because they do not expect them to make an economic contribution to the family: girls grow up only to marry into somebody else’s family and bear children. Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and kept at home to do housework while their brothers are sent to school- the prophecy becomes self-fulfilling, trapping women in a vicious circle of neglect.An educated mother, on the other hand, has greater earning abilities outside the home and faces an entirely different set of choices. She is likely to have fewer but healthier children and can insist on the development of all her children, ensuring that her daughters are given a fair chance. The education of her daughters then makes it much more likely that the next generation of girls, as well as of boys, will be educated and healthy. The vicious circle is thus transformed into a virtuous circle.Few will dispute that educating women has great social benefits. But it has enormous economic advantages as well. Most obviously, there is the direct effect of education on the wages of female workers. Wages rise by lo t0 20 percent for each additional year of schooling. Such big returns are impressive by the standard of other available investments, but they are just the beginning. Educating women also has a significant impact on health practices, including family planning.

The author believes that a vicious circle can turn into a virtuous circle when ( ).

A.women care more about education

B.girls can gain equal access to education

C.a family has fewer but healthier children

D.parents can afford their daughters’ education