问题 解答题

某研究性学习小组设计了实验来探究光合作用的原料和产物.步骤如下:

①在广口瓶中加入蒸馏水至如图所示位置(蒸馏水加热后迅速冷却,基本没有空气也没有二氧化碳),取新鲜的、生长旺盛的沉水植物若干枝放入广口瓶中,并安装好实验装置(装置气密性良好).

②把上述装置放在阳光下照射一段时间后,观察有无气泡产生.

③打开开关K1、K2,由导管A向瓶内用力吹气2-3分钟后,关闭K2,将装置放在阳光下照射.约5分钟后,就会看到有气泡冒出.容器的水则受气体的挤压由导管A的管口处排出(根据水的排出量,可推知产生的气体量).

④当广口瓶中产生的气体达一定量时打开K2,取一根带有火星的卫生香迅速放在导管B的管口处,观察现象.阅读后请回答:

(1)向装置吹入气体前(即步骤②),阳光下照射有无气泡产生?______,此步骤是否可以省略并说明理由______.

(2)步骤④中可观察到卫生香的现象是______.

(3)请推测此探究实验的结论:①______,②______(①②顺序颠倒也可).

答案

(1)根据光合作用的表达式:二氧化碳+水

光能
叶绿体
有机物(储存着能量)+氧气,可知绿色植物要进行光合作用需要二氧化碳,而实验中提供的是蒸馏水,没有二氧化碳气体,所以沉水植物因为没有二氧化碳这个原料,光合作用不能正常进行,因此无气泡产生.由于本实验的对照组是通气前与通气后,故向装置吹入气体前,观察其在阳光下照射有无气泡产生是非常必要的,不能省略掉,否则该实验就会没有对照组而失去说服力了.

(2)由于步骤④中,沉水植物因为通有空气,有原料二氧化碳,所以光合作用正常进行,故正常放出氧气,而氧气有助燃作用,用带火星的卫生香放在导管B处,卫生香会复燃.

(3)通过对照实验,通气前无二氧化碳,不能进行光合作用,而通气后有二氧化碳能进行光合作用,可推测植物的光合作用需要二氧化碳;通过步骤④,能使带火星的卫生香复燃,可推知沉水植物进行光合作用产生的气体是氧气,故光合作用产生氧.

故答案为:(1)无;不可,此步骤相当于对照实验,若省略则会降低说服力(或此步骤起对照作用,不省略可增强说服力)

(2)卫生香复燃

(3)光合作用需要二氧化碳(或二氧化碳是光合作用必需的原料);光合作用产生氧(或光合作用的产物有氧气)

单项选择题 A3/A4型题
完形填空
I went to India for a 2-week vacation to visit my relatives, We stopped on a red light, and as always, there was a lot of activity outside the cars near the     . People walked in, between the cars       newspaper. water and a number of kids looked for a bit of charity from the car owners. It' s a familiar      in most poor developing' countries.         
While we were   for the red light to turn green, I noticed a man outside a couple of    in front of ours trying to sell bottles of water. It's      unusual at first. He was a man in his 40s with relatively    clothes. But he walked around in a strange way. He kind of     his way around the spaces. He was blind.
Carrying a couple of water bottles on one hand, he    got to the outside of our car. Out of     , my mum decided to buy one water bottle. As she gave the man the money, the light turned green. The car behind sounded loudly and     , trying to get ahead of traffic. Seeing this, my mum kindly told the man to     the change. However, with his-superior sense of touch, he quickly      his shirt pocket and threw the money at my mum's      . It was the exact change. T he cars behind us were really getting out of control,       we decided to go on our way.
I      and even cried when I got home. Here's a blind man, born in       ,trying to sell water bottles on the streets to make ends meet. He      our sympathy. Life hasn't been      to him, yet he's giving it his best shot. I think that is what       is all about . facing life bravely.
小题1:
A.signsB.crossroadsC.stationsD.theatre
小题2:
A.givingB.buyingC.sellingD.throwing
小题3:
A.sceneB.playC.activityD.street
小题4:
A.watchingB.askingC.waitingD.changing
小题5:
A.blocksB.crossingsC.turnsD.cars
小题6:
A.everythingB.somethingC.anythingD.nothing
小题7:
A.expensiveB.fashionableC.raggedD.splendid
小题8:
A.pushedB.droveC.clearedD.felt
小题9:
A.eventuallyB.quicklyC.frequentlyD.happily
小题10:
A.curiosityB.sympathyC.thirstyD.politeness
小题11:
A.impatientlyB.casuallyC.naturallyD.carefully
小题12:
A.keepB.returnC.borrowD.count
小题13:
A.searched forB.went throughC.turned overD.looked for
小题14:
A.handB.armC.faceD.lap
小题15:
A.stillB.yetC.soD.but
小题16:
A.gave upB.set offC.held onD.broke down
小题17:
A.painB.povertyC.sadnessD.loneliness
小题18:
A.refusedB.enjoyedC.doubtedD.cheated
小题19:
A.richB.unfairC.kindD.bad
小题20:
A.kindnessB.courageC.experienceD.challenge