问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读《创新的快乐从哪里来》,完成第1~3题。

创新的快乐从哪里来

邓中翰

  ①我国著名数学家谷超豪院士,曾将自己的三大研究领域——微分几何、偏微分方程和数学物理,亲昵地称为“金三角”,并告诉别人:“别看它们表面上枯燥,其实只要深入进去,就会发现其中奥妙无穷,充满快乐。而正是这快乐给予了我无穷的动力。”谷先生的数学人生启示我们,科研工作者要在创新之路上不断前行,不可缺少那种发自心底而又融入生活的创新的快乐,否则就缺少了动力。可是,在很多人眼里,科研创新是艰深、枯燥、乏味的“苦差事”,又如何成为快乐的源泉呢?其实快乐就来源于创新的各个环节:从源头到过程再到结果。     

  ②创新的快乐,基于对科研的热爱。许多从事基础创新科研的学者,对自己所研究的学问怀有真诚的喜爱、极大的兴趣、澎湃的激情与乐道的情怀,把治学作为人生最高价值来追求。科学巨匠们都有这样的心得:搞科研要有对科研的热爱。【甲】有了这种热爱,学者们才会对艰辛的研究工作甘之如饴,兴味盎然,产生创新的恒久动力,在创新之路上越走越远。     

  ③创新的过程虽然充满着艰难曲折,但其中却有着无限的乐趣。从谷超豪到邓稼先、孙家栋,科学家们或埋头于复杂的数字演算,或跋涉在人迹罕至的荒漠,或坚守在偏僻孤寂的实验室,虽有艰辛,但乐趣无穷。【乙】为了科技攻关,科学家们战胜了无数的挑战,攀登了无数的险峰。正是在这样的过程中,他们享受着因不断畅想、发现、创造、超越而带来的种种乐趣。     

  ④创新的快乐,还在于对创新成果的分享。爱迪生用电灯给人类增添光明,袁隆平用杂交水稻为人类解决温饱,高锟用光纤使人类加强交流……一直以来,全球的科学家都有一个共同的梦想:让全人类共享科技进步的成果。【丙】用创新成果为大众创造美好生活。是科研工作者最大的快乐。     

  ⑤科技创新事业,因其兴趣的基础、挑战的过程和共享的目的而充满了魅力,带给了科研工作者无限的快乐。也因为这样的快乐,创新智慧才会竞相迸发,创新成果才会大量涌现,国家自主创新的步伐才会坚实有力。(有删改)

【注】①邓稼先,我国核物理学家,被誉为“两弹元勋”。②孙家栋,我国运载火箭与卫星技术专家。③袁隆平,我国杂交水稻育种专家,被誉为“杂交水稻之父”。④高锟,华裔物理学家,被誉为“光纤之父”。

1、文章第①段引用谷超豪院士的事例意在表明(不超过25个字)

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2、阅读第②~④段,简要分析为什么说创新的快乐来源于“对科研的热爱”、“创新的过程”和“对创新成果的分享”。

__________________________________________________________________  

3、根据文意,将下面三句话分别填入文中【甲】【乙】【丙】处(只填序号)。   

①孟子认为,独乐乐,不若与众乐乐(自己一个人欣赏音乐快乐,不如与众人一起欣赏音乐更快乐)。   

②古希腊哲学家苏格拉底说:“世上最快乐的事,莫过于为理想而奋斗。”   

③俄国文学批评家车尔尼雪夫斯基说:“幸福的斗争不论它是如何的艰难,它都不是痛苦,而是一种快乐。”   

【甲】处应填:________________________________                          

【乙】处应填:________________________________                          

【丙】处应填:________________________________                       

答案

1、创新的快乐是在创新的道路上不断前行的动力。   

2、(示例)对科研的热爱可以产生创新的恒久动力,在创新之路上越走越远;创新的过程可以使人享受到因不断畅想、发现、创造、超越而带来的种种乐趣;创新成果的分享为大众创造了美好生活,这正是科研工作者最大的快乐。  

3、【甲】②【乙】③【丙】①

(意思对即可)

阅读理解

Washoe, a female chimpanzee (黑猩猩) believed to be the first non-human to acquire human language, has died of natural causes at the research institute where she was kept.The chimp died on Tuesday night, according to Roger and Deborah Fouts, co-founders of The Chimpanzee and Human Communications Institute in Washington, where she lived.

Washoe was born in 1965 in Africa, where she was captured by the Air Force and taken to the US for research use in the space program. In 1966, she left the program and began living with two scientists, Allen and Beatrix Gardner, who led a project to teach the chimp American Sign Language (ASL) in Washoe, Nevada, for which it was named. Washoe had been living on Central Washington University’s Ellensburg Campus since 1980. She had a vocabulary of about 250 words. Also, Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimps: Tatu, 31, Loulis, 29, and Dar, 31

Primate (灵长类) researcher Jane Goodall, in Fouts’ book Next of Kin, noted the importance of the work with Washoe. “Roger, through his ongoing conversations with Washoe and her extended family, has opened a window into a chimpanzee’s mind,” Goodall said.

Though previous efforts to teach chimps spoken languages had failed, the researchers believed there was a better chance using signs. But Washoe’s language skills were disputed by scientists who believed that language is unique to humans. Among those who doubted that chimps could use language were linguist (语言学家) Noam Chomsky and Harvard scientist Steven Pinker. They believed primates simply learn to perform certain acts in order to receive rewards, and do not acquire true language. 

小题1:As for its first task, Washoe was involved with _______.

A.some space research

B.a study on African animals

C.an ASL project

D.the program of training the Air Force小题2:In Goodall’s opinion, teaching Washoe ASL ______.

A.was not successful

B.led to the book Next of Kin

C.won honor for Fouts

D.made a difference小题3:In the last paragraph, the underlined word “disputed” probably means “______”.

A.supported

B.studied

C.questioned

D.discussed小题4:What can be inferred from the passage?

A.The ASL project was first set up in Africa for the study on Washoe.

B.Washoe may communicate with other chimps by signing.

C.Washoe must have been able to speak 250 words or so.

D.The researchers will prove that most chimps could use language.小题5:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A.Washoe was the first animal to be taught human language.

B.Washoe, the chimp, was named in honor of a place.

C.There were four chimps in total at Ellensburg Campus.

D.Chomsky believed primates only perform silent signs.

单项选择题