问题 完形填空

阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

Speaking English is not only about using proper grammar. To use English effectively, you need to understand the culture in which it is spoken. Here are a number of important tips to remember when speaking English in the United States.

General Points to Remember

Most Americans only speak English: while it is true that more and more Americans speak Spanish, most Americans           . Don’t expect them to understand your native language.

Americans have difficulties in understanding foreign accents: many Americans are not used to foreign accents. This requires patience from both of you!

Conversation Tips

Speak about locations: Americans love to talk about locations. When speaking to a stranger, ask him/her where he/she is from and then make a connection with that place. For example: “Oh, I have a friend who studied in Los Angeles. He says it’s beautiful place to live in.” Most Americans will then willingly talk about their experiences while living in or visiting that particular city or area.

Talk about sports: Americans love sports! However, they love American sports! When speaking about football, most Americans understand “American Football”, not soccer.

Addressing People

Use last names with people you do not know: address people using their titles (Mr, Ms, Dr) and their last names.

Always use “Ms” when addressing women: it is important to use “Ms” when addressing a woman. Only use “Mrs” when the woman has asked you to do so!

Public Behaviors

Always shake hands: Americans shake hands when greeting each other. This is true for both men and women. Other forms of greeting are generally not appreciated. Smoking is out! Smoking, ever in public places, is strongly disapproved of by most Americans in the modern United States.

小题1:What is the main idea of the text? (within 10 words)

                                                                                        

小题2:Fill in the blank of the text with proper words? (within 5words)

                                                                                     

小题3:What are the proper topics when speaking to a stranger in the United States? (within 3 words)

                                                                                    

小题4:When you meet an American woman Karen Smith for the first time, how do you address her? (within 2 words)

                                                                                        

小题5:What do Americans do when greeting each other? (within 6 words)

                                                                               

答案

小题1:Tips/Points on/about speaking English in the United States.

(关键词:tips / points speak English; the USA)

小题2:only speak English. (only; English)

小题3:Locations and sports.

小题4:Ms Smith. (Ms; Smith)

小题5:They shake hands(with each other).

题目分析:本文作者介绍了按字母顺序排列对姓氏首字母在字母表后半部分不利。作者列举了许多例子来说明这种情况。

小题1:根据Speaking English is not only about using proper grammar. To use English effectively, you need to understand the culture in which it is spoken. Here are a number of important tips to remember when speaking English in the United States.可知这篇文章主要讲了在美国说英语的一些建议。

故选C。

小题2:根据Most Americans only speak English: while it is true that more and more Americans speak Spanish, most Americans           . Don’t expect them to understand your native language.可知这里想说大多数美国人只讲英语。

小题3:根据Speak about locations: Americans love to talk about locations. When speaking to a stranger, ask him/her where he/she is from and then make a connection with that place.以及Talk about sports: Americans love sports! However, they love American sports!可知在美国,和陌生人说话时,最适合的话题就是地点和体育运动。

小题4:根据Always use “Ms” when addressing women: it is important to use “Ms” when addressing a woman.可得出答案。

小题5:根据Always shake hands: Americans shake hands when greeting each other. This is true for both men and women.可得出答案。

判断题
问答题 案例分析题

现代化是指一个国家或地区由传统社会迈向现代社会的过程,是政治、经济、思想文化、社会生活等各方面的整体转型。

材料一:西欧人领历史变革之先告别传统社会,是对人类历史进步的一个贡献…毁灭传统社会合理性的力量是经济的专业化分工和商业力量的崛起。专业化分工使财富极大增长,创造了军事力量专业化存在的可能,军队不再依靠掠夺也可以生存了。专业化分工的推动者是商人,商人的交换活动注定了对公平规她的热爱、对自由的热爱。专业化分工构造了一个复杂的世界,公共事务需要协商才能决定,军人的命令主义和强制手段成为商业社会的桎梏,于是需要军事力量退出对社会的掌控,让民主政治登上历史舞台。近代思想家开始颂扬自由、平等和民主,他们以为这是永恒的人类博爱的主题,却不知道这更是商人的所爱。

——党国英于莫《中国改革的现代性解析》

材料二:在近代前期,中国的近代化历程由学习西方的器物到学习西方的政治制度,再到学习西方的思想文化,经历了三个阶段,在经济、政治、思想文化领域全面启动,逐步深入展开。此后的三十年,中国的近代化不断深化,收回了一些国家权益,民族资本主义有了一定的发展,但呈现一种曲折、缓慢发展的态势。总之,在半殖民地半封建的中国,近代化的目标未能真正实现。

——孙占元《中国现代化问题研究综述》

材料三:……不夸张地说,中国改革三十年创造的财富比中国以往所有时代创造的财富还要多,这是因为中国的一只脚已经踏入了现代社会。中国正处在由传统社会向现代社会的过渡之中……

中国的改革存在“后发优势”。中目社会的世俗化特征决定了中国的包容性,国门一旦打开,西方世界的技术文明、经济文明如洪流浸淫沙漠一般被中国所吸收;中国三十年里做了西方人千余年做的事情。

——党国英于莫《中国改革的现代性解析》

根据材料三及所学知识,简要概括改革开放以来中国现代化建设取得的成果。与西方相比,从历史和现实的角度分析中国现代化的“后发优势”有哪些?