问题 单项选择题 B型题

抑制碳酸酐酶的药物是()

A.呋塞米

B.氢氯噻嗪

C.螺内酯

D.氨苯蝶啶

E.乙酰唑胺

答案

参考答案:E

解析:3.乙酰唑胺通过抑制碳酸酐酶的活性而抑制HC03的重吸收,治疗量时乙酰唑胺抑制近曲小管约85%的HCO的重吸收。急慢性肾衰竭时,袢利尿药可增加尿量和K的排出,冲洗肾小管,减少肾小管的萎缩和坏死,但不延缓肾衰竭的进程。大剂量呋塞米可以治疗慢性肾衰竭,增加尿量,在其他药物无效时,仍然能产生作用。螺内酯是醛固酮的竞争性拮抗药。醛固酮从肾上腺皮质释放后,进入远曲小管细胞,并与细胞质内盐皮质激素的细胞质受体结合成醛固酮-受体复合物,然后转位进入胞核诱导特异DNA的转录、翻译,产生醛固酮诱导蛋白,进而调控Na、K转运。螺内酯及其代谢产物坎利酮的结构与醛固酮结构相似,结合到细胞质中的盐皮质激素受体,阻止醛固酮受体复合物的核转位,而产生拮抗醛固酮的作用。

完形填空

四.动词的适当形式填空

open the floor, have a lasting effect on, cut back on, think of…as, flow into, what if, wipe out, take responsibility for, result in, in the form of, under way, focus on, rely on

1.The pollution ____________________ unsafe drinking water which has led to health problems for people living near the river.

2.Pollution is very bad for the people who _________________ the river for water.

3.Two special government projects are also ________________ to protect the river.

4.The projects _________________ problems along the Yangtze River such as water conservation.

5.There’s also another resource in the fight against desertification, ___________________ the China National Desertification Monitoring Centre.

6.______________ we run out of space?

7.People should ______________________________ not buying certain kinds of fish, because there are not many left in the ocean.

8.Now we _____________________ for discussion.

9.Many types of waste ________________ our water.

10.In addition, many sea creatures __________________________ by fishing boats.

11.These boats catch large numbers of fish without giving them time to lay eggs. This ________________________________ the number of fish left for us to eat.

12.My suggestion is that we should try to ___________________ production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy.

13.The people running these factories are very concerned about the environment. We need to stop ________________ companies and money _______ the enemy.

单项选择题