问题 单项选择题 B型题

盐炙法炮制中药的目的是()。

A.引药上行,增强活血通络作用

B.引药入肝,增强活血止痛作用

C.制其寒性,增强和胃止呕作用

D.引药下行,增强滋阴降火作用

E.缓和药性,增强润肺止咳作用

答案

参考答案:D

解析:

1.蜜灸的主要目的:①增强润肺止咳的作用。②增强补脾益气的作用。③缓和药性。④矫味和消除副作用。

2.盐灸法的目的:①引药下行,增强疗效。如杜仲、小茴香、车前子、益智仁、知母、黄柏等。②缓和药物辛燥之性。如补骨脂、益智仁等。③增强滋阴降火作用。

3.酒灸法的目的:①改变药性,引药上行,如大黄、黄连、黄柏等。②增强活血通络作用,如当归、川芎、桑枝等。③矫臭去腥,如乌梢蛇、蕲蛇、紫河车等。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Thackeray was born into a comfortably secure upper-middle-class family, and brought up to expect the

leisured life of "gentleman". However, partly though bad luck and bad financial (财政的) advice, partly through

his own profligacy (荒废) in early youth-he was Cambridge and for some years afterwards a compulsive (上

瘾的) gambler-he had been left with nothing to depend on but his brains and energy. He dreamed of writing a

great novel; but he realized that while he dreamed and wasted time. Writers whom he considered to be nobodies,

such as Bulwer-Lytton,were writing best sellers.

     Writing had not been his first choice of profession. To please his mother he spent some months, studying

law,but his earliest wish was to be a painter. He studied art in London and Paris before deciding that his talent

was too small for him to be anything but an amateur (业余的) painter, though he continued to draw

professionally, and illustrated (给…画插图) most of his own novels He then turned to journalism. In 1836,

while he was still struggling to make his way, he married penniless girl of eighteen, strongly against his mother's

will.

     With considerable courage, Thackeray began to make a living for his growing family from various

contributions to any newspapers and magazines that would take his work often he did not know where the next

five pounds was coming from Isabella Thackeray gave birth to three daughters,the second of whom died as a

child, hut after the birth of the third, in 1840, she became incurably mad and had to be cared fat away from her

family for the rest of her long life-she outlived her husband by over thirty years.

     This tragedy deeply affected Thackeray. It was, too, an extra financial load and for some years he was

forced to part with his daughters, who were brought up by his mother in France. While he struggled to make

a living in London, still chiefly by Journalism. His chances as a novelist seemed poor: his short novel Barry

Lynden, published serially in Fraser's Magazine in 1844 made so little impression oil the public that it was not

published in book form until twelve years later.

1. Thackeray was born into a family _____.

A. that had bad luck

B. that he could not rely on

C. that was quite rich

D. that expected him to be a writer

2. What did his mother want him to study?

A. Art

B. Law

C. Writer

D. Journalism

3. After he got married, Thackeray made a living by _____.

A. writing best sellers

B. drawing and illustrating his own novels

C. publishing a book which made him famous

D. writing for newspapers and magazines

4. After he got married, Thackeray made a living by _____.

A. writing best sellers

B. drawing and illustrating his own novels

C. publishing a book which made him famous

D. writing for newspapers and magazines

综合题

(14分)科学技术是国家综合实力的重要体现。阅读材料,回答问题。

材料一 郑和当时建造的超大型宝船长140多米,宽57米是史无前例的。(建造宝船的)巨型船坞,在中国历史上亘古未有,在当时世界上也无与伦比。它是中世纪中国造船业在全世界遥遥领先的明证。郑和船队的航海技术在当时世界上也是独领风骚的。15世纪初,是中国人称雄海上的时代,这是全世界公认的事实。    

——摘编自韩胜宝《郑和之路》

材料二 江南制造总局造船厂,1868年已着手建造螺轮蒸汽舰了。造螺轮蒸汽舰是1845—1850年间在欧洲推广使用的。1850年后被用于军事。

——摘编自徐泰来《中国近代史记》

克服技术的落后是一个巨大的困难,尤其是当那些西洋顾问和教习自己就不很专业时,更是如此。自强规划所造出的枪炮舰船的性能及其低劣,这就导致需要不断从国外购置枪炮。

——徐中约,《中国近代史,1600—2000:中国的奋斗》

材料三  1958年起,由聂荣臻主持的国防科技研究已迈开步伐。党和政府克服苏联政府单方面撕毁协议、撤走专家、停止供应设备所造成的严重困难,自力更生发展国防科技工业,终于取得了国防极端技术的重大突破。中国国防尖端技术的巨大发展,标志着中国国防现代化建设进入了一个新的阶段,大大加强了我国的国防力量,也集中代表了我国科学技术当时达到的新水平,提高了中国的国际地位。

——摘自何沁《中华人民共和国史》

(1)根据材料一指出郑和下西洋所具备的条件。结合所学知识,追述唐宋时期的我国主要科技成就。(6分)

(2)根据材料二,归纳洋务企业制造军舰的技术状况。结合所学知识说明洋务运动失败的根本原因。(3分)

(3)根据材料三,指出我国国防尖端技术大发展的作用。结合所学知识,回答“ * * ”前我国“国防尖端技术重大突破”的表现。(3分)

(4)你对发展我国科学技术有何建议?(2分)