问题 填空题

请分析下列材料:

  我国2007年6月29日通过的《劳动合同法》规定,劳动者在试用期的工资不得低于用人单位所在地的最低工资标准。同时,《劳动合同法》还规定,劳动者在该用人单位连续工作满十年的,劳动者提出或者同意续订、订立劳动合同的,除劳动者提出订立固定期限劳动合同外,应当订立无固定期限劳动合同。但在2008年1月1日《劳动合同法》具体实施前,许多企业却针对那些工龄将到10年的员工发出了“裁员令”。

(注:最低工资标准,是指劳动者在法定工作时间或依法签订的劳动合同约定的工作时间内提供了正常劳动的前提下,用人单位依法应支付的最低劳动报酬,无固定期限劳动合同,是指用人单位与劳动者约定无确定终止时间的劳动合同。)

(1)分析实行最低工资制对劳动者的意义。

(2)如果企业不执行当地的最低工资标准,劳动者应该通过什么途径来维护自己的权益?

(3)运用所学经济知识,分析企业“裁员”行为的是与非。

答案

保障劳动者的基本生活需要,维护社会稳定;保障劳动者合法收入,稳定收入水平,使劳动者享受到改革发展成果;以缩小收入差距,缓解消费需求不足的问题;调动劳动者积极性,有利于提高劳动生产率。(答出其中任意3项即可)

(2)可以通过投诉、协调、申请调解、向法院起诉等途径,维护自己的权益。

(3)短期内突击裁员可以降低一定的劳动成本,是企业追求利润的一种选择,但从长期看,突击裁员牺牲了员工利益,造成劳资关系紧张,忽视了企业的社会责任,企业的社会形象和长远利益会因此受到损害。

本题以某些企业违法侵害劳动者合法权益为背景,考查对劳动者基本权利和义务的理解。劳动者依法享有基本权利,保障劳动者享有基本权利是保障和落实劳动者主人翁地位的前提;是充分发挥劳动者积极性、创造力、智慧,使他们成为改革开放和社会主义建设主力军的保证。劳动者应依法维护自己的权益不受损害。如果用人单位违反劳动合同法,侵害了劳动者的合法权益,劳动者可以通过各种途径维护自己的合法权益。用人单位也应依法办事,才能维护自己的利益。

阅读理解

C

8:30 PM

Outlook

Outlook is back with a new series of reports to keep you up date with all that’s new in the world of entertainment. Stories go all the way from the technical to the romantic from stage to screen. There will be reports of the stars of the moment, the stars of the future and the stars of the past. The director with his new film, the designer with the latest fashion, and the musician with the popular song are part of the new Outlook. The program is introduced by Fran Levine.

9:00 PM

Discovery

When a 10-year-old boy gets a first class degree in mathematics or an 8-year-old plays chess like a future grand master, they are considered as geniuses. Where does the quality of genius come from? Is it all in the genes(基因)or can any child be turned into a genius in the future, what should they do? In this 30-minute film, Barry Johnson, the professor at School of Medicine, New York University will help you discover the answer.

10:00 PM

Science/ Health

Is it possible to beat high blood pressure without drugs? The answer is “yes”, according to the researchers at Johns Hopkins and three other medical centers. After a study of 800 persons with high blood pressure, they found that after 6 months, these devoted to weigh loss-exercise and eating a low-salt, low-fat food lost about 13 pounds and became fitter. Plus 35% of them dropped into the “normal” category(范畴). This week, Dr. Alan Duckworth will tell you how these people reduce their blood to a level similar to what’s achieved with Hypertension drugs.

64. The main purpose of writing these three texts is _____

A. to invite people to see films 

B. to invite people to topic discussions

C. to attract more students to attend lectures

D. to attract more people to watch TV programs

65. Who will be most probably interested in Discovery?

A. Parents who to send their children to school of medicine.

B. Children who are good at mathematics.

C. Parents who want their child to become another Albert Einstein.

D. Children who are interested in playing chess.

66. According to the third text, which of the following has almost the same effect as hypertension drugs?

A. Exercise plus a healthy diet.                      B. Loss of thirteen pounds in weight.

C. Six months of exercise without drugs.         D. Low-salt and low-fat food.

单项选择题