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问题 单项选择题

我国现行宪法明确规定的公民从国家和社会获得物质帮助权利的情况是（）。

A．年老、疾病或丧失劳动能力

B．现役军人

C．有特殊贡献

D．见义勇为

答案

参考答案：A

解析：

《宪法》第45条规定，公民在年老、疾病或丧失劳动能力时可以获得物质帮助。

阅读理解

Despite all the reports of Internet security attacks over the years, including the recent ones on Google’s e-mail service, many people have reacted to the break-ins with a shrug（耸肩）.

　　Mr. Shulman and his company examined a list of 32 million passwords that an unknown hacker stole last month from RockYou, a company that makes software for users of social networking sites like Facebook and MySpace. The list was briefly posted on the Web, and hackers and security researchers downloaded it.

　　The list provided an unusually detailed window into computer users’ password habits. Typically, only government agencies like the F.B.I. or the National Security Agency have had access to such a large password list.

　　Some Web sites try to keep back the attackers by freezing an account for a certain period of time if too many incorrect passwords are typed. But experts say that the hackers simply learn to trick the system, by making guesses at an acceptable rate, for instance.

　　To improve security, some Web sites are forcing users to mix letters, numbers and even symbols in their passwords. Others, like Twitter, prevent people from picking common passwords.

　　Still, researchers say, social networking and entertainment Web sites often try to make life simpler for their users and are reluctant to put too many controls in place.

　　Even commercial sites like eBay must weigh the consequences of freezing accounts, since a hacker could, say, try to win an auction(拍卖) by freezing the accounts of other potential buyers.

　　But owing to the reality of our overcrowded brains, the experts suggest that everyone choose at least two different passwords — a complex one for Web sites where security is vital, such as banks and e-mail, and a simpler one for less risky places, such as social networking and entertainment sites.

　　Mr. Moss relies on passwords at least 12 characters long, figuring that those make him a more difficult target than the millions of people who choose five- and six-character passwords.

　　“It’s like the joke where the hikers run into a bear in the forest, and the hiker that survives is the one who outruns his companions,” Mr. Moss said. “You just want to run that bit faster.

59.   The underlined sentence “Many people have reacted to the break-ins with a shrug” shows that many people ______.

don’t take seriously the hacker’s break-ins

are worried and frightened at the hacker’s break-ins

don’t know what to do with the hacker’s attacks

are eager to get helps from the experts

60.   According to the passage, which of the following web sites needs a more complex password?

A social web site.

An entertainment web site.

A commercial web site.

A government web site.

61.   The Internet users are advised to______ in order to keep back the hackers.

mix letters, numbers and symbols as well

choose passwords with at least 12 characters

choose passwords with 5 or 6 characters

choose at least two different passwords

62.   Which would be the best title for the passage?

Password, Simple or Complex?

Popular Passwords, High Risk!

Clever Hackers, Stupid Netizens.

Hacker, the Enemy of Internet Security.
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单项选择题


Nine states and the District of Columbia are doing away with the sales tax on items such as clothes, shoes and even notebooks over the next few weeks, just in time for back-to- school shopping.
Most of the promotions last only a few days, so shoppers will have to act quickly to get a tax break. The tax holidays, which have already expired in two other states, apply to small and large items. For example, the tax break applies to any school supply that costs $15 or less in New Mexico. In Massachusetts, it covers most retail purchases of $2,500 or less. Stores may offer additional savings because these events "give retailers an opportunity to have a sale on top of what the state is doing," says Verenda Smith, government affairs associate at the Federation of Tax Administrators.
No industry-wide figures are available about how much consumers save annually from these tax breaks. But Texas estimates that shoppers will save $47.4 million in taxes this year, nearly a 3 percent increase from the previous year. Massachusetts says shoppers saved roughly $10 million in taxes during its 2005 event.
States that cast aside these promotions when a slow economy pinched state budgets are now reviving them in hopes of stimulating local economies. Some states also believe the gain in consumer goodwill helps balance out the loss in tax revenue.
In some cases, tax losses are minimal because serious shoppers don’t stop at clothes and books. "While states give up sales tax, they usually break even on sales-tax collection," says J. Craig Shearman, a vice-president at the National Retail Federation.
Sophie Beckmann, a certified public accountant at A. G. Edwards in St. Louis, says she’ll avoid that temptation by making a list of necessities. On the Missouri resident’s shopping list: notebooks, pencils, glue and three or four outfits for her son, who is entering the fifth grade this month. She plans to pocket any tax savings. "When you start buying more and spending more just because of the savings, then you’re not doing yourself a favor," Beckmann says.

According to the passage, some states choose to provide tax breaks because they want to ______ .

A．cast aside these promotions

B．pinch state budget books

C．slow down local economy

D．encourage their economies
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