问题 填空题

阅读下面的材料,回答所提出的问题:

最近十年,国际上生产柴油发动机的喷油系统的主流技术从机械式转向电控式。面对这种技术变化,原来我国该行业最大的企业A担心自己无力自主开发出能够达到欧洲标准的技术,无法进入欧洲市场,于是决定与外国企业合资以引进技术。合资的结果是:外国企业控股67%;把企业A的几百名技术人员全部纳入合资企业;还规定企业A其他分公司的同类产品永远不能进入欧洲市场。由于决策失误,目前企业A已经濒临破产。

我国另外一家企业B则决定自主开发电动喷油系统。该企业在不断学习外国先进技术的基础上,经过无数次实验,克服了重重困难,终于成功开发出了达到欧洲标准的电控喷油系统。现在,其产品打进了欧洲市场,企业蒸蒸日上,成为国内该行业的领头羊。

(1)运用唯物论原理分析,两个企业为什么会有不同的命运?

(2)联系上述材料,运用所学哲学知识回答:技术落后的企业如何才能实现成功追赶?

答案

(1)意识能够反作用于客观事物,正确意识促进客观事物的发展,错误意识阻碍客观事物的发展。企业A在错误意识的支配下,过分依赖外部技术,忽视了自主创新,导致企业濒临破产。企业B在正确意识的指导下,在学习外国技术的同时,努力创新,终于取得了成功。

  (2)①看问题要一分为二。对企业自身的实际状况应做全面客观的分析。既要看到我们在技术上与国外同行的差距,又要看到我们已经具有一定的实力和潜力,能够在学习国外技术的基础上进行自主创新。

    ②要重视发挥主观能动性。要有敢于创新的勇气与信心,始终保持积极的精神状态。

    ③要正确处理内外因的关系。技术落后的企业,在学习外国技术的同时,要重视内因,努力创新。

    ④要重视实践的作用。实践是认识的基础,只要在实践基础上反复探索、不懈努力,就一定能够实现成功追赶。

(1)注意题目中要求用唯物论的知识解答,所以答成辩证法或认识论的知识就不正确,解答时须将两种企业的命运是分别受哪两种意识的作用分析清楚。(2)注意结合材料把能体现的哲学原理都指出来,但不能脱离材料空泛地谈,否则就不合乎题目要求。

完形填空

完形填空(共 15小题,每小题 1 分,满分15分)

阅读下面短文,从每小题A、B、C三个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并将其字母标号填入题前的括号内。

A well-dressed man came into a famous jewellery (首饰)shop. He explained that he wished to buy a pearl(珍珠)for his wife’s birthday and that the  16  did not matter since business had been very good for him that year. After examin;ing a number of beautiful and valuable pearls, he chose a nice black one that _17_ $5000. He paid for that pearl , shook hands with the jeweler and left.

A few days later the man returned and said his wife had liked that pearl _18_ that she wanted another one just like it. It had to be exactly the _19_ size and quality as she wanted a pair of earrings made. “Can you give me any advice on _20_ to get such a pearl?” said the man. The jeweler replied , “I would say it’s _21_ to find an exact one like that pearl.”

The rich man _22_ the jeweler to advertise in the newspaper, and offered $25.000 for that matching pearl. Many people answered that ad, _23_ nobody had a pearl that was just right. Just when the jeweler had _24__  hope, an old lady came in. To his _25_ , she took a wonderful pearl from her handbag. “I don’t like to sell it, ” she said _26_. “I inherited (继承)it from my mother, and my mother inherited from _27_, but now I really need money.”

The jeweler was quick to pay her _28_ she changed her mind. Then he called the rich man’s hotel to tell the good _29_ to him. The rich man, however, was _30_ to be found. He had fled with the old woman a few more minutes before.

小题1: A. size               B. shape             C. price

小题2:A. spent               B. cost              C. took

小题3: A. a little              B. so much           C. at all

小题4: A. same               B. different           C. common

小题5:A. what               B. why              C. how

小题6: A. possible            B. easy               C. impossible

小题7: A. let                 B. make              C. asked

小题8: A. so                 B. but                C. and

小题9: A. found out           B. given up            C. come up with

小题10: A. disappointment      B. surprise             C. fear

小题11:A. happily             B. loudly             C. sadly

小题12:A. mine               B.his                 C. hers

小题13: A. when               B. before             C. after

小题14: A. news               B. advice             C. way

小题15: A. somewhere          B. anywhere           C. nowhere

问答题 简答题