某大城市郊区的农民，祖祖辈辈以种菜为生，有着丰富的种菜经验，前几年种菜收入相当可观，去年，上级下达文件要求各地增加粮食生产，某地领导为了响应上级号召，让农民改种粮食，结果农民收入大幅下降，城市居民的蔬菜供应也受到影响。
运用所学哲学知识对该地领导的行为进行评析。
世界是物质的，物质决定意识，意识是物质的反映，这一原理要求人们在实际工作中必须坚持一切从实际出发。该地区的领导为了响应上级号召，违背当地的实际，即祖祖辈辈以种菜为生，有着丰富的种菜经验，命令农民改种菜为种粮，最终导致农民收入减少。这是主观教条主义。
该地领导的行为是下达文件强制农民改种粮食，而这个文件的制定不是从客观实际出发。
| 阅读理解。 |
| Once there was a clever farmer. Though he was poor, he decided one day to take the king a roast goose (烤鹅) as a present. He had not had 1 to eat that day, and soon the 2 of the roast goose became too much for him as (当…时) he 3 it to the king, so he ate one of its legs. When he came before the king and gave him the goose, the king 4 saw that it had only one leg. Now, the king 5 was born with one bad leg, so he had never been able to 6 properly (正常地). When he saw the goose with only one leg, he thought the farmer had 7 this to laugh at him. Of course he was very 8 . The farmer was told that if anybody laughed at the king, he would be 9 at once. "Where is 10 leg of the goose?" the king asked. "All the geese (goose的复数) in this 11 of the country have one leg only," the farmer answered. "Do you think I'm a fool (傻子)?" the king shouted. " 12 ," said the farmer, "if you look out of the window, you will see geese with one leg by the 13 ." The king looked, and there the geese were 14 on one leg beside the water. The king at once told one of his men to 15 them with a big stick, and of course, they 16 their other legs and ran away. "There," said the king. "You were lying (说谎). That 17 that the geese here have two legs, like all other 18 in the country." "But it doesn't show anything," answered the farmer, "if your men threw a big stick like that at me, I would grow two 19 legs myself to help me to run away 20 ." |
| ( )1. A. less ( )2. A. head ( )3. A. returned ( )4. A. at once ( )5. A. once ( )6. A. come ( )7. A. kept ( )8. A. sorry ( )9. A. helped ( )10. A. other ( )11. A. city ( )12. A. Certainly not ( )13. A. hole ( )14. A. swimming ( )15. A. fill ( )16. A. sent up ( )17. A. shows ( )18. A. geese ( )19. A. slower ( )20. A. more slowly | B. all B. neck B. carried B. at last B. really B. walk B. done B. worried B. killed B. another B. village B. Of course B. forest B. resting B. lock B. put down B. talks B. animals B. faster B. more carefully | C. little C. smell C. sent C. by then C. himself C. see C. made C. sad C. saved C. that C. farm C. That's nothing C. lake C. flying C. hit C. did with C. sees C. legs C. less C. faster | D. much D. temperature D. handed D. on time D. yet D. eat D. found D. angry D.covered D. the other D. part D. Never mind D. house D. lying D. keep D. moved away D. knows D. farmers D. more D. Earlier |
B，另两种是单质，写出电解戊溶液的总方程式： 。