问题 填空题

近几年来,我国西南、北方、长江中下游等地先后遭遇大范围持续干旱.水是生命之源,我们应该了解水、爱护水资源.

(1)自然界中的水都不是纯水,净化水的方法有:①过滤;②加明矾吸附沉降;③蒸馏;④消毒杀菌.要将混有泥沙的天然水净化成生活用的自来水,应选用的方法和顺序为______;

A.①②③④B.②①③④C.②①④D.①③④

(2)有些村庄打深井取用地下水,可用______区分地下水是软水还是硬水;

(3)右图是电解水的实验装置.下列有关说法正确的是______(填字母);

A.该实验中,与电源正极相连的玻璃管内得到的气体能在空气中燃烧

B.电解水的实验证明水是由2个氢元素和1个氧元素组成的

C.水电解生成氢气和氧气,说明水中含有氢分子和氧分子

D.在水电解的反应中,氢原子和氧原子都没有发生变化

E. 正极与负极产生的气体质量比是1:2

(4)“山水重庆”,“水”是重庆不可或缺的城市符号.爱重庆,就要爱护重庆的水资源.节约用水、防止水污染应成为我们的自觉行为.下列有关叙述,不合理的是______(填字母);

A.生活中改变不良的用水习惯,尽可能充分利用每一滴水

B.农业生活中改变灌溉方式,变漫灌为喷灌或滴灌,以节约用水

C.城市生活污水、工业废水应遵循“先净化,后排放”的原则

D.采用燃烧氢气的方式生产水,以补充城市饮用水资源的不足

(5)节约用水是每一位公民应遵守的公德,而在日常生活中,我们经常会看到一些浪费水的现象,例如水龙头滴水、跑水的问题.如果一个水龙头按每秒钟滴2滴水,平均每20滴水为1毫升来计算,一昼夜将流失水的体积为______升.

答案

(1)①过滤能除去水中不溶性的固体;②加明矾吸附是把水中小颗粒泥尘聚集成大的,以利于沉降;③蒸馏可得蒸馏水,比生活用水成本高;④消毒杀菌,这是必须的,饮用水必须达到生化标准.净化水的顺序一般是由低到高顺序排列,故其正确的顺序为②加明矾吸附沉降→①过滤→④消毒杀菌.故选C.

(2)硬水与肥皂水混合有浮渣产生,软水与肥皂水混合有泡沫产生,可以使用肥皂水鉴别硬水和软水.

(3)A.该实验中,与电源正极相连的玻璃管内得到的气体是氧气,不能在空气中燃烧,故错误;

B.电解水的实验证明水是由氢元素和氧元素组成的,元素不将个数,故错误;

C.水是纯净物,不含有氢分子和氧分子,故错误;

D.在化学变化中原子是最小的微粒,所以在水电解的反应中,氢原子和氧原子都没有发生变化,故正确

E. 正极与负极产生的气体体积比是1:2,故错误;

(4)A.生活中改变不良的用水习惯,尽可能充分利用每一滴水,故正确;

B.农业生活中改变灌溉方式,变漫灌为喷灌或滴灌,以节约用水,故正确;

C.城市生活污水、工业废水应遵循“先净化,后排放”的原则,故正确;

D.采用燃烧氢气的方式生产水,不足以补充城市饮用水资源的不足,故错误;

(5)水龙头1s滴2滴水,一昼夜滴水量为 2×60×60×24=172800 滴,因20滴为1mL,172800÷20=8640mL=8.64L.

故答案为:(1)C;(2)肥皂水;(3)D;(4)D;(5)8.64.

阅读理解

It was a winter morning, just a couple of weeks before Christmas 2005. While most people were warming up their cars, Trevor, my husband, had to get up early to ride his bike four kilometers away from home to work. On arrival, he parked his bike outside the back door as he usually does. After putting in 10 hours of labor, he returned to find his bike gone.

The bike, a black Kona 18 speed, was our only transport. Trevor used it to get to work, putting in 60-hour weeks to support his young family. And the bike was also used to get groceries(食品杂货), saving us from having to walk along long distances from where we live.

I was so sad that someone would steal our bike that I wrote to the newspaper and told them our story. Shortly after that, several people in our area offered to help. One wonderful stranger even bought a bike, then called my husband to pick it up. Once again my husband had a way to get to and from his job. It really is an honor that a complete stranger would go out of their way for someone they have never met before.

People say that a smile can be passed from one person to another, but acts of kindness from strangers are even more so. This experience has had a spreading effect in our lives because it strengthened our faith in humanity(人性) as a whole. And it has influenced us to be more mindful of ways we, too, can share with others. No matter how big or how small, an act of kindness shows that someone cares. And the results can be everlasting.

小题1:Why was the bike so important to the couple?

A.They used it for work and daily life.

B.It was their only possession(财产).

C.It was a nice Kona 18 speed.

D.The man‘s job was bike racing.小题2:We can infer from the passage that __________.

A.the couple worked 60 hours a week

B.people were busy before Christmas

C.the stranger brought over the bike

D.life was hard for the young family小题3:How did people get to know the couple’s problem?

A.From a stranger.

B.From a newspaper.

C.From TV news

D.From radio broadcasts.小题4:What do the couple learn from their experience?

A.Strangers are usually of little help.

B.One should take care of their bike.

C.News reports make people famous.

D.An act of kindness can mean a lot.小题5:From this story, we can see humanity is __________.

A.selfish

B.commercial

C.kind

D.cold-hearted

单项选择题