问题 填空题

a、b、c、d、e、f、g为七种由1~18号元素构成的微粒,它们都有10个电子,其结构特点如下表:

微粒代码abcdefg
原子核数单核单核多核单核双核多核多核
所带单位电荷1+2-03+1-01+
其中b的离子半径大于d的离子半径;c是四原子分子;e与g加热可形成c和f两种分子.试写出:

(1)c分子的结构式为______;

(2)a和e两种粒子组成化合物的电子式为______;

(3)a的单质与f反应的化学方程式______;

(4)d单质与a和e两种粒子组成化合物溶液反应的离子方程式______.

答案

a为Na+,b为O2-,c是四原子分子,应为NH3,d为Al3+,e为OH-,e与g加热可形成c和f两种分子,则g为NH4+,f为H2O,

(1)c四原子分子,应为NH3,结构式为,故答案为:

(2)a为Na+,e为OH-,形成的化合物为NaOH,为离子化合物,电子式为,故答案为:

(3)钠与水反应生成氢氧化钠和氢气,反应的化学方程式为2Na+2H2O═2NaOH+H2↑,故答案为:2Na+2H2O═2NaOH+H2↑;

(4)铝和氢氧化钠溶液反应生成偏铝酸钠和氢气,反应的离子方程式为2Al+2OH-+2H2O═2AlO2-+3H2↑,故答案为:2Al+2OH-+2H2O═2AlO2-+3H2↑.

阅读理解

Last Friday a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, destroying (摧毁) fourteen homes. Seven others were so badly damaged (破坏) that their owners had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken windows or broken roofs. One person was killed, several were badly hurt and taken to hospital, and a number of other people received smaller hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm.

A farmer, Mr. Tan, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour.

“I was eating with my wife and children,” he said, “When we heard a loud noise. A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best to climb out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him,

safe but very frightened.”

Mrs. Woo Mei Fong said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children.

“There was no time to take anything,” she said, “A few minutes later, the roof came down.”

Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded (水淹的) area and the welfare department (福利机构) brought them food, clothes and shelter.

小题1:How many homes altogether (总共) were damaged in the storm?

A.Fourteen

B.Twenty-one

C.Twenty-nine

D.Thirty-six小题2:Where was Mr. Tan when the storm first began?

A.He was in bed.

B.He was inside the house.

C.He was outside the house.

D.He was on the roof.小题3: Mrs. Woo and her family didn’t get hurt because _________.

A.her husband knew there would be a storm

B.they were all outside the house when the storm became worse

C.she felt the house was moving

D.the welfare department helped her小题4: The underlined word “shelter” in this passage means ______.

A.something to eat

B.something to wear

C.somewhere to study

D.somewhere to stay小题5:Which of he following may be the best title for this passage?

A.A Terrible Storm

B.A Lucky Woman

C.Good Soldiers

D.Clever People

单项选择题