问题 填空题

联合钢铁工业的基本生产流程示意图如下:

请回答下列问题:

(1)写出设备A 的名称:____________

(2)写出以赤铁矿为原料在高温下与一氧化碳反应制取铁的化学方程式:_______________________;

(3)应用化学原理分析,工业炼钢时用纯氧而不用空气的原因是:_________________________

(4)练铁时焦炭的作用是:①_____________________;②____________________

(5)用这种方法“炼”得的铁与实验室炼出的生铁在组成上的最大区别是______________________

(6)铁粉与生石灰都是常用的干燥剂,现欲用化学方法检验某食品袋中的干燥剂究竟是其中的哪一种?请你简述方法和现象:____________________________

(7)生产上要配制1200g溶质质量分数为10%的盐酸来测定钢坯中铁的含量,则约需溶质质量分数为

40%的浓盐酸(密度以1.2g/mL计)多少毫升?

答案

(1)高炉

(2)3CO+Fe2O32Fe+3CO2

(3)促使反应更加剧烈,并获得更多的热量

(4)①产生热量(或“提高炉温”);②产生一氧化碳

(5)工业上的生铁含有碳,而实验室“炼”得的铁不含碳

(6)取样后加入稀盐酸,有气泡产生的为铁粉,否则为生石灰

(7)250mL

完形填空

Part Three: Reading Comprehension

I.  Fill in the blanks, using the proper forms of the words below.

( respect, watch, wander off, nest, worthwhile, discover, forest, where, argue, observe, work out, sleep, behave, entertainment, understand )

A PROTECTION OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE

It is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa. Our group are all going to visit the chimps in the     1   . Jane has studied these animals for many years and helped people   2    how much they    3   like humans.     4    a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. This means going back to a place   5  we left the chimp family    6   in a tree the night before. Everybody sits and waits while the animals in the group begin to wake up and move. Then we follow as the family begins to    7   into the forest. Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. Jane warns us that everybody will be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right. But the evening makes it all    8   . The mother chimp and her babies play in the tree and, after they come into her arms, we see them go to sleep together in their    9  for the night.

Nobody before has fully understand chimp behaviour. Jane spent many years   10   and recording their daily activities. She did not study at a university but she was determined to work with animals in their own environment. When she arrived at Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. Her work changed the way people think about chimps. For example, one thing she    11   was that chimps hunt and eat meat. Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts. She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other and her study of their body language helped her   12   their social system

For forty years Jane Goodall has been helping the rest of the world understand and   13 the life of these animals. She has   14   for them to be left in the wild and not used for         15    or advertisements. She has set up special places where they can live safely. Her life is very busy but as she says:

Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories. It’s terrible. It affects me when I watch the wild chimps. I say to myself, ‘Aren’t they lucky?’ And then think about small chimps in cages though they have done nothing wrong. Once you have seen that you can never forget…”

She has achieved everything she wanted to do: working with animals in their own environment, gaining a doctor’s degree for studies, showing that women can live in the forest as men can. She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women.  

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