问题 问答题

铁矿石是怎样炼成铁的呢?某活动小组在实验室模拟了铁矿石炼铁化学原理.如下图所示.

(1)该活动小组将实验装置组装好后,设计了下列实验操作步骤:①给玻璃管加热    ②停止加热

③通入一氧化碳气体④停止通入一氧化碳气体,正确的操作步骤是(填序号)______.

(2)试验过程中,玻璃管中固体由______色变成______色,玻璃管中反应的化学方程式是______,试管中澄清石灰水的作用是______.

(3)请写出尾气的处理方法:______

(4)为了进一步证明玻璃管中固体有新物质生成,按要求设计实验方案.

 验证方法 实验操作 实验现象
 物理方法____________
 化学方法____________

答案

(1)一氧化碳具有可燃性,加热前一定要先通入一氧化碳气体,然后给玻璃管加热,完全反应后停止加热,为防止生成的铁又被氧化,要再通一会一氧化碳.所以正确的操作步骤是③①②④;

故答案为:③①②④

(2)一氧化碳能把红棕色的氧化铁粉末还原成黑色的铁粉,化学反应式是:Fe2O3+3CO

 高温 
.
 
2Fe+3CO2;如果试管中的石灰水变浑浊,说明有二氧化碳生成.

故答案为:红棕; 黑;Fe2O3+3CO

 高温 
.
 
2Fe+3CO2;验证二氧化碳的存在.

(3)一氧化碳有毒会污染空气,所以要进行尾气处理,可以用点燃或收集的方法.

故答案为:点燃或收集;

(4)为进一步证明玻璃管中固体有新物质铁生成,用物理方法时可用铁能被磁铁吸引的特点验证;用化学方法时可以利用铁与稀盐酸反应生成氢气的特点验证.具体步骤见下表:

 验证方法 实验操作 实验现象
 物理方法 用磁铁吸引 有固体被吸引
 化学方法 加稀盐酸 有气泡冒出

选择题
阅读理解

Terra-cotta Warriors

As the greatest archaeological findings of the 20th century, Terra-cotta Warriors has a really long history.In 246 BC, Qin Shi Huang, later the first Emperor of all China, had begun to prepare for his mausoleum which took 11 years to finish to defend him in the afterlife.There are over 7,000 pottery soldiers, horses, bronze chariots, and even weapons found in it now.Terra-cotta Warriors was listed by UNESCO in 1987 as one of the world cultural heritages and it has made Xi’an a famous city for tourists.

Big Wild Goose Pagoda

The Big Wild Goose Pagoda has a history of over 1,300 years and is a typical ancient Chinese building.It is located in the south of Xi’an City.Because Master Xuanzang stored his classics brought from India in the pagoda, it is also a holy place for Buddhists.As a National Key Cultural Relic Preserve, it won the title of an AAAA Tourist Attraction as well.

Xi’an Ancient City Wall

As one of the landmarks of Xi’an, Ancient City Wall still stretches round the old city today, dividing the city into the inner part and the outer part.Ancient City Wall was originally built during the old Tang Dynasty (618 — 907) and then enlarged by Zhu Yuanzhang, Emperor of the Ming Dynasty, thus forming the modern Xi’an City Wall.After the extension, the wall now stands 12 meters tall, 12-14 meters wide at the top and 15-18 meters thick at the bottom.

小题1:What is The Big Wild Goose Pagoda most famous for?

A.It has a history of over 1,300 years.

B.It is a typical ancient Chinese building.

C.It is a holy place for Buddhists.

D.It won the title of an AAAA Tourist Attraction.小题2:When was the modern Xi’an City Wall formed?

A.In the Tang Dynasty.

B.In AD907.

C.In modern times.

D.In the Ming Dynasty.小题3:Who are the text written for?

A.Archaeologists.

B.Scientists

C.Tourists.

D.Artists