问题 填空题

2013年4月20日四川雅安发生7.0级地震,灾区饮用水与食品安全备受关注.

(1)水中难闻的异味,可添加活性炭除去,这是利用了活性炭的      性.

(2)初步净化后的水,可以通过       方法,降低水的硬度.

(3)“84消毒液”可用于灾区防疫.制备其主要成分次氯酸钠(NaClO)的化学方程式为:

2NaOH+X=NaC1O+NaCl+H2O,则X的化学式为     ,NaClO中Cl的化合价为       

(4)救援工作人员带去的包装食品中,有一些是用铁粉做双吸剂,铁粉既可以防腐又可以保持食品干燥,是因为铁粉能吸收空气中的      

答案

(1)吸附  (2)煮沸  (3)Cl2,+1   (4)水,氧气

题目分析:(1)活性炭具有吸附性,能吸附色素和异味,水中难闻的异味可以利用活性炭的吸附性除去,故填:吸附;    

(2)硬水中含有的可溶性钙镁化合物受热转化生成不溶性钙镁化合物故可以使用煮沸的方法降低水的硬度,故填:煮沸;         

(3)2NaOH+X=NaC1O+NaCl+H2O,反应前含有2个Na原子,2个H原子和2个O原子,以及X,反应后含有2个Na原子,两个Cl原子,2个H原子核2个O原子,故X中含有2个Cl原子,故X的化学式为Cl2,设Cl的化合价为x,则有(+1)+x+(﹣2)0,解得x=+1.故填:Cl2,+1;    

(4)铁粉在与水和氧气同时接触时易生锈,利用铁的这点性质,可以作食品双吸剂,故填:水,氧气.

点评:本题考查了生活中的常见物质的性质以及应用的有关知识,完成此题,可以依据已有的物质的性质进行.

阅读理解

Peer(同龄人)Pressure

Peer pressure is just part of the challenges in life.   66  If you need further guidance, this article might help you. It provides three effective tips to deal with it:

Be with friends who respect your beliefs

You can go out with people who accept and respect the things you believe in and those who you know you can share your interests with. It is all right to be choosy with friends because you just want what is best for them and you.   67  You are just exhibiting what you know is right and good for both sides. Your friends will understand you for that. They can drag you away from discrimination and you can be confident that they will not leave you for your stand in life.

  68 

When you are driven by so many peer pressures, you can always stay away from it. You can actually decide not to be one of them. When you have decided on it, learn to be firm with your decision.   69 They should know that you cannot be forced to do certain things because you are strong and firm with what you believe in.

Learn how to say no

Learning to say no is one big factor to deal with some pressures from all of your friends. When you are convinced to do something you know that can only destroy you or ruin you, learn to say no.   70 You cannot just say yes to anything. You have a functional mind and you know what is best for you. So learn to say no even if saying no means losing your friends.

A.Don’t blame others.

B.Have a firm decision.

C.You should know how to deal with it.

D.You can always deal with it positively.E. Just be straightforward and say it without hesitation.

F. This does not mean you are being selfish or you are being self-centered.

G. This can make them believe that you cannot just be driven by any other thing.

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