问题 阅读理解与欣赏
阅读欣赏。
自然的启示
       人类在漫长的进化过程中,创造了独一无二的文明,发展了属于自己的文化艺术和科学技术。所有这些,地球上其他动物均望尘莫及。不过,和大自然相比,人类所取得的成绩又微不足道了。因为大自然创造的每一个奇迹,提供的每一个榜样,都让人感到造化弄人,学无止境。下面列举的事例,将加深我们对大自然的理解,有利于我们与大自然建立更和谐的关系。
       就地取材,巧夺“人”工
       提起海螺、鲍鱼、蚌等软体动物的外壳时,人们总是赞叹有加。因为软体动物都是就地取材,利用最常见的碳酸钙原料,遵循着高效无污染原则,营造出各种坚固耐用、千姿百态的贝壳式建筑。
       在高倍数显微镜透视下,可看见鲍鱼的外壳由一层一层的组织黏合而成,还可看见层状组织由厚约0.005毫米的“碳酸钙砖块”堆砌起来,使用的“水泥砂浆”则是软体动物自身分泌出的有机糖蛋白胶。在有机糖蛋白胶黏合下,软体动物的外壳不仅坚如磐石,而且还具有自我修复功能。
       在亿万年进化过程中,软体动物掌握了变简单为神奇的技术,将信手拈来的碳酸钙建造成硬度提高了10多倍的外壳。人类要是用相同的碳酸钙原料制成像鲍鱼外壳那样坚硬的复合陶瓷,除了在原料磨碎、成型、烘烤过程中消耗大量人力和能源外,在硬度、韧性和自我修复功能等方面,仍然自叹弗如。
       光能利用,高人一筹
       单细胞的原绿球藻是众多海洋微生物中普通的一员,但是,它们却是地球上数量最多的光合作用有机体。我们不要小看这些浮游生物的能量。海洋中若是缺少了它们,整个地球生命就无法繁衍。因为它们为海洋动物提食物,构成了食物链的基础。所以,科学家认为,它们才是海洋的真正统治者。
       令科学家感叹的何止这些!原绿球藻类浮游生物拥有高效的光能利用机制,它们就像飘浮在大海上的太阳能电池板,轻而易举地将收集到的阳光转变为养分。
       别以为这没什么了不起。由于原绿球藻数量众多,每升海水中的原绿球藻多达1亿个,当这些浮游生物在阳光下吸收二氧化碳,用其中的碳构造自身细胞,并放出氧气时,差不多固定了海洋中2/3的碳。这意味着它们在抑制全球变暖过程中的作用举足轻重,地球变暖的重要原因之一,不就是人类释放的二氧化碳太多了吗? 
       目前我们还不知道这些浮游生物是如何利用太阳能的。一旦我们揭示了其中的奥秘,便可以以这些小生命榜样,找到更简单更高效地利用太阳能的良策。甚至还能找到抑制全球变暖的锦囊妙计
1.大自然是如此高明,常给我们以深刻的启示。请概述文中人类借大自然的启示为已所用进行创造的例
     子。
   (1)                                                        (2)                                                         
2.文章开头段主要采用什么说明方法,它揭示了什么道理?
                                                                                                                                    
3.文尾提到我们人类还未揭示浮游生物是如何利用太阳能的秘密,依你的猜测,文中的秘密可能是什
     么?
                                                                                                                                     
4.根据你的阅读经验,再举一例来说明大自然留给我们的启示。
                                                                                                                                    
5.请用文中划线成语中的5个,写一段说明性的文字,介绍一种体现大自然高明的现象。
                                                                                                                                    
答案

1.(1)人类用软体动物的碳酸钙原料制成像鮑鱼外壳那样坚硬的复合陶瓷。

     (2)人类借助于原绿球藻来吸收自身释放的二氧化碳,以抑制地球变暖。

2.作比较。它告诉我们大自然就是一部丰富而复杂的书,它神奇迷离,令我们学无止境!

3.可能如:①原绿球藻的构造奇特,便于吸纳二氧化碳。 ②原绿球藻吸纳二氧化碳养活了自己,同时

     又为海洋其他生物提供了食物,这些生物通过这种途经间接吸纳人类释放的二氧化碳,释放我们的需

     要的氧气。

4.如:人类根据蝴蝶喷气飞行的原理,制造出喷气式飞机。

5.“略”

选择题
阅读理解

When I was at university, I studied very hard. But a lot of my friends did very little work. Some did just enough to pass exams. Others didn't do quite enough. Fred Baines was one of them. He spent more time drinking in the Students' Union than working in the library.

Once, at the end of the term, we had to take an important test in chemistry. The test had a hundred questions. Beside each question, we had to write "True" or "False". While I was studying in my room the night before the test, Fred was watching television. Fred usually worried a lot the night before a test. But on that night he looked perfectly calm. Then he told me of his plan.

"It's very simple. There are a hundred questions and I have to get fifty correct to pass the test. I'll take a coin into the examination room. I haven't studied a chemistry book for months, so I'll just toss(抛) the coin. That way, I'm sure I'll get half the questions right."

The next day Fred came cheerfully into the examination room. He sat tossing a coin for half an hour as he marked down his answers. Then he left, half an hour before the rest of us.

The next day, he saw the chemistry professor in the corridor (走廊).

"Oh, good," he said. "Have you got the result of the test? What mark did I get?"

The professor looked at him and smiled.

"Ah, it's you, Baines. Just a minute."

Then he reached into his pocket and took out a coin. He threw it into the air, caught it in his hand and looked at it.

"I'm terribly sorry, Baines," he said, "you failed."

61. Fred Baines          .

A. spent quite some time working in the Students' Union

B. worked hard at his lessons but he failed again and again

C. often failed his tests

D. wouldn't work hard so long as he could pass a test

62. Fred looked perfectly calm before the chemistry test because        .

A. he was already well prepared for it

B. he didn't think the test was so important for him

C. someone had promised to help him out

D. he believed he had found out a way to pass the test without any difficulty

63. The students were required to finish the test within       .

A. half an hour   B. an hour   C. three quarters   D. an hour and a half

64. After the test, Baines was       .

A. sure that he would pass it            

B. anxious to know the result

C. sorry that he cheated during the test  

D. discouraged because he'd probably fail the test

65. The professor told Baines the result of the test by tossing a coin because     .

A. he hadn't marked all the papers yet  

B. he couldn't remember the mark Baines got

C. he wouldn't hurt Baines' feeling by telling him the truth

D. he wanted to teach Baines a lesson