问题 论述题

铁路在中国已有一百多年的历史。 1949年以前,中国铁路建设经历了艰难曲折的历程;1949年以后,中国的铁路建设取得了辉煌的成就。青藏铁路全线铺通,是我国社会主义现代化建设取得 的一项重大成就。

(6)青藏铁路的建设伴随着一系列重大科技攻关活动,体现了科学实验与生产实践的紧密联系。简述生产实践与科学实验两项 基本实践活动的关系。(8分)

(7)运用经济常识,分析青藏铁路将如何推动青藏地区经济发展。(12分)

答案

(6)①生产实践是人类最基本的实践活动;生产实践是人们从事科学实验的基础,为科学实验提供新课题,提供物质基础和实验条件等。②科学实验是历史前 进的有力杠杆,对生产实践有积极的促进作用;在现代,科学实验活动越来越成为生产实践的先导。

(7)①铁路属于基础产业,是国民经济命脉 的重要行业和关键领域,青藏铁路的建设对当地经济发展有带动作用。(考生若回答“修铁路是扩大再生产的具体体现,有利于发展生产力,有利于增强国家的综合 经济实力,有利于提高人民生活水平,也可酌情给分。)②青藏铁路的建成改善了当地交通运输的状况,推动该地区第三产业(商品流通、旅游和文化交流等)的发 展,进而促进第一、第二产业的发展和产业结构升级。③青藏铁路的建成和运行加强该地区与区外的广泛联系(如经济、文化等交流),有利于促进当地市场的开放 和竞争(或市场机制的形成、完善)。

(6)题是从哲学角度回答实践的两种基本形式——科学实验与生产实践之间的关系。生产实 践是最基本的实践活动,它是科学实验的基础,同时它也要求科学实验解决生产实践中提出的一些问题,而科学实验的结果又进一步地促进了生产实践的发展。本题 可以从以上几个方面组织答案即可。(7)题考查青藏铁路建成怎样促进青藏地区经济发展。单纯从课本上看没有具体的地方论述这一方面的问题,但国民收入的分 配中积累基金当中的非生产性基本建设中提到加强基础设施建设的作用。从青藏铁路建成的意义看,青藏铁路的建成对于促进当地生产力发展和人民生活水平提高、 发展第三产业、优化产业结构、促进与外地以及国际交流都有着重要的意义。

单项选择题
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