问题 论述题

《联合国气候变化框架公约》缔约方第十五次会议暨《京都议定书》缔约方第五次会议将于12月7日至18日在丹麦首都哥本哈根举行。目前,发达国家和发展中国家间尽管取得了一些共识,但实质性分歧依然很大。不少发达国家不仅拒绝履行减排义务,以各种借口拒绝向发展中国家提供帮助,还给发展中国家设下很多苛刻的减排条件。

我国外交部发言人秦刚12月1日在例行记者会上表示,中方希望即将举行的哥本哈根会议的成果是公平、可实现的。会议能否成功,关键在于各国能否坚持联合国气候变化公约及京都议定书,并切实坚持和兑现共同但有区别的责任原则。

中国政府本着对全人类长远发展高度负责的态度,在全面考虑中国国情和发展阶段,社会经济发展趋势、能源消费总量、节能降耗和可再生能源发展现状和发展趋势,建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会的目标和任务,以及国际社会对中国的期望的基础上,制定了控制温室气体排放的行动目标——到2020年全国单位国内生产总值二氧化碳排放比2005年下降40%至45%。

请用国际社会知识分析上述材料。

答案

  1)在当代国际社会中,主权国家在享受基本权利的同时,要承担相应的国际义务和责任。各国都应坚持联合国气候变化公约及京都议定书,并切实坚持和兑现共同但有区别的责任原则。

(2)国家利益是国际关系的决定因素,国家间的共同利益是国家合作的基础,利益的对立则可能使国家间发生分歧。各国虽然就减排问题取得一些共识,但仍然存在较大的实质性分歧。

(3)我国坚持独立自主和平外交政策。独立自主是我国外交政策的基本立场,促进世界的和平与发展是我国外交政策的宗旨。我国政府本着对全人类长远发展高度负责的态度,在全面考虑中国国情和发展阶段等因素的基础上,制定控制温室气体排放的行动目标,体现了我国外交政策的立场和宗旨。

(4)我国是促进世界经济发展的重要力量,对国际事务发挥着重要的影响和作用。随着在国际舞台上肩负的责任日益重要,我国日益树立起负责任的大国形象。

气候问题已成为全球关注的问题,要求各国共同面对。由“切实坚持和兑现共同但有区别的责任原则”体现了主权国家的责任;由 “各国的共识和分歧”体现了国家利益是国际关系的决定因素;由我国的态度体现我国的外交政策和负责任大国形象。通过材料的阅读,考察了学生调动和运用知识、论证和探讨问题的能力。

阅读理解

Online clothes shoppers will be told exactly what size is best. for them using new software which combines with their web camera or smart phone to form a“3D tape measure”.

Scientists from Surrey University and design experts from the London College of Fashion are developing a program which can take precise (精确的) waist, hip, chest and other measurements from camera images.

Using the person’s height as a starting point,the software will be able to build up a 3D image and estimate their size at various different points on the body, based on their overall proportions.

The result will be a more accurate sizing guide than previous systems based on waist size or a “small/medium/large”scale, which rely on limited measurements and the buyer’s perception of their own body size.

Shoppers and retailers(零售商)who choose to sign up for the project could save millions of pounds a year in postage costs by removing the need to order multiple sizes of the same garment(服装) and send back ill-fitting clothes, researchers claimed.

The project, sponsored by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EPSRC), is expected to be brought to market within two years.

After choosing an item, the shopper will activate the software, enter their height, stand in front of their webcam or smart phone in their underwear and take a photograph.

The software will not store or transmit the image to the internet, but will use it to judge the person’s dimensions at various points on their body.

Philip Delamore of the London College of Fashion said:“The potential benefits for the fashion industry and for shoppers are huge. Currently, it’s common for online shoppers to order two or three different sizes of the same item of clothing at the same time, as they’re unsure which one will fit best.”

小题1:What is the essential part of a 3D tape measure?

A.a software

B.a webcam

C.a microphone

D.a smart phone小题2:What can we learn about the 3D tape measure?

A.It will store or transmit the image to the internet.

B.It is based on the buyer’s perception of their size.

C.It will be a co-working production.

D.It uses a person’s weight as a starting point.小题3:Compared with the traditional sizing system, a 3D tape measure is_______.

A.quicker

B.more precise

C.more beautiful

D.more vivid小题4:How can the 3D tape measure benefit online shoppers?

A.Online shoppers will get their ordered garment in time.

B.Online shoppers will get their ordered garment more quickly.

C.Online shoppers will get an ordered garment of high quality.

D.Online shoppers will get an ordered garment to their measure.小题5:What is the right order for a shopper to form a 3D tape measure?

①to take a photo with a webcam

②to activate the software

③to enter his/her height

④to judge his size by analyzing his image

A.①②③④

B.②①③④

C.②③①④

D.②③④①

判断题