问题 阅读理解与欣赏

垃圾

       ①垃圾,学名“固体废物”。主要由工业垃圾和生活垃圾两大类组成。目前,世界各国抛弃的垃圾越来越多,也越来越难处理。据统计,全球每年新增加的垃圾大约有100亿吨左右,人均2吨。垃圾,已成为一个困扰世界各国的全球性的环境问题。 

       ②世界上产生垃圾最多的国家是美国、德国、英国和日本。美国每年产生的垃圾在22亿吨以上。华盛顿曾有一家环保机构惊呼:数年后,美国将有一半以上的城市无处倾倒垃圾!德国、英国、日本每年产生的垃圾都在3亿吨以上。 

       ③中国的垃圾问题也比较严重。据《中国城市导报》报道,全国414个城市的垃圾以平均每年10%的速度猛增。目前,全国城市每年生活垃圾已高达6000万吨,比10年前增加了一倍,其中约20%运不出去。全国垃圾无害化处理率不足5%,大量未经处理的垃圾露天堆放在城郊。许多城市陷入垃圾重围之中。

        ④有人形象地说,垃圾“无孔不入”。就连被认为全球净土的的珠穆朗玛峰、南极,都有垃圾“光顾”,近年来,垃圾又在太空“安家落户”。自1957年发射第一颗人造卫星以来,人类在地球周围的空间留下了大量的太空废物。据观测,在太空轨道上约有7200个10厘米大小以上的废物碎块在运转,如果把更小的碎块也算上,则达到数百万块。这些高速运转的太空垃圾,成为危险的“飘游炸弹”。

       ⑤人类垃圾数量的剧增,不仅有碍观瞻,更重要的是污染环境,危害人们的健康,侵占大量的土地。为此,不少有识之士呼吁,世界各国政府和人民必须携起手来,共同努力,一道来解决这个可能遗患后人的全球性问题。

1.这篇文章重点说明的问题是什么?

     答:                                                                                                                                          

2.第③段的中心句是什么?这段主要运用了哪两种说明方法?

     答:                                                                                                                                          

3.文章从哪些方面说明垃圾的危害?

     答:                                                                                                                                          

4.第④段中的“连被认为全球净土的珠穆朗玛峰、南极,都有垃圾‘光顾’,甚至还在太空‘安家落户’”说明什么问题?

     答:                                                                                                                                                

5.垃圾数量的剧增,严重地污染了环境,危害人们的健康,侵占大量土地,对这个遗患后人的全球性问题,你有什么好的解决办法?请你提几点建议(至少2点)。

     答:                                                                                                                                                

                                                                                                                                                            

答案

1.垃圾已成为一个困扰世界各地的全球性的问题。

2.中国的垃圾问题也比较严重。列数字,作比较。

3.垃圾的数量及分布情况

4.说明垃圾“无孔不入”。

5.“略”

阅读理解

A traveler was passing through a desert on a hot day. He was tired, feeling thirsty and hungry. At least, he needed a shady spot to rest for a while. A big leafy tree came into view at some distance away. He felt glad and said to himself, “Had I water to drink, now.” Yes, he found a glass full of cold water on the ground right in front of him. Then, he wished, “Had I something to eat right here.” Immediately, a variety of dishes appeared before him. He was under the shade of Kalpa-Vriksha — a magical tree. Whoever was under it would have whatever he wished for!

The traveler enjoyed the delicious food. He felt drowsy. He wished for a nice bed. It was granted. He stretched himself comfortably on the soft mattress. He hoped that someone would massage (按摩) his feet. Yes, a young lady appeared. She started massaging his feet and legs.

He now started thinking differently. “How can things happen like this? Is it some kind of a trick played by a magical demon (魔鬼)?” he doubted. Oh, a true demon appeared in place of the nice lady! Within no time the demon started leaping at him, with his mouth wide open. The frightened traveler took to his heels and ran away.

小题1:What will happen if you sit under the magical tree?

A.You will get what you want.

B.You will marry a young girl.

C.You will meet a demon.

D.You will get rid of all your trouble.小题2:The underlined word “drowsy” in the second paragraph means “_______”.

A.hungry

B.sleepy

C.thirsty

D.cold小题3:How many wishes did the traveler make?

A.3

B.4

C.5

D.6.

问答题 论述题