问题 单项选择题

进行软件项目的风险分析时,风险避免、风险监控和风险管理及意外事件计划是()活动中需要考虑的问题。

A.风险识别

B.风险预测

C.风险评估

D.风险控制

答案

参考答案:D

解析:

本题考查软件项目的风险分析,是常考知识点。

风险分析在软件项目开发中具有重要作用,包括风险识别、风险预测、风险评估和风险控制。

风险识别:试图系统化地确定对项目估算、进度、资源分配等的威胁,常用的方法有风险识别问询法、财务报表法、流程图法、现场观察法、相关部门配合法和环境分析法等。

风险评估:对已识别的风险要进行估计和评价,风险估计的主要任务是确定风险发生的概率与后果,风险评价则是确定该风险的经济意义及处理的费/效分析,常用的方法有:概率分布、外推法、多目标分析法等。

风险预测:又称风险估算,软件项目管理人员可以从影响风险的因素和风险发生后带来的损失两方面来度量风险。为了对各种风险进行估算,必须建立风险度量指标体系;必须指明各种风险带来的后果和损失;必须估算风险对软件项目及软件产品的影响;必须给出风险估算的定量结果。

风险控制:包括对风险发生的监督和对风险管理的监督,前者是对已识别的风险源进行监视和控制,后者是在项目实施过程中监督人们认真执行风险管理的组织和技术措施。

综上所述,“风险避免、风险监控和风险管理及意外事件计划”应是风险控制中需要考虑的问题。

阅读理解

A growing number of workers at Google Inc., Facebook Inc. and other employers are trading in their sit-down desks for standing ones, saying they feel more comfortable and energized. They also are motivated by medical reports saying that sitting for too long leads to increased health risks.

A standing desk sits high off the floor so a worker can either stand at it or sit on a high stool to use it. Officials at Palo Alto-based Facebook say a number of employees asked about standing desks after news articles were published about the health risks of sitting all day.

The stories cited medical studies that tied excessive sitting to increased obesity and other health problems because of factors including a drop in physical activity. A 2010 study by the American Cancer Society found that women who sat more than six hours a day were 37% more likely to die prematurely than women who sat for less than three hours, while the early-death rate for men was 18% higher. The American College of Cardiology released a study in January that found increased mortality (死亡率) among people who sat longer at home than those who didn't.

No one seems to compile statistics on the standing-desk trend. But anecdotal reports suggest Silicon Valley is embracing the movement.

Facebook officials say they have seen an upsurge in requests for standing desks to five to eight a week with a total of between 200 and 250 deployed (配置) at the company of more than 2,000 employees. Facebook also is trying out a treadmill station ─ where a worker can walk or run on a treadmill while tapping at a computer.

Google spokesman Jordan Newman said that 'many employees at Google opt for standing desks, and we offer them as part of our wellness program' though he said he didn't know the exact number.

Greg Hoy, 39 years old, asked for a standing desk shortly after joining Facebook seven months ago as a design recruiter. 'I don't get the 3 o'clock slump anymore,' he said. 'I feel active all day long.'

小题1:The underlined word “motivated” in paragraph 1 can be replaced by          .

A.frightened

B.inspired

C.missed

D.discouraged小题2:According to paragraph 3, we can know that          .

A.a drop in physical activity was the only reason why excessive sitting caused increased obesity.

B.women who sat longer were more likely to die prematurely according to a 2010 study by American College of Cardiology

C.according to the study, the early-death rate for men was 18% higher than that for women.

D.the mortality among people who didn’t sat long at home was lower than that among people who did.小题3:According to paragraph 5, which of the following statements is true about a treadmill station          ?

A.is a computer that a worker can take along when he walks or runs

B.has been tried out by Facebook and now is very popular with other companies

C.is a place where workers can exercise while working.

D.is a treadmill on which workers can run or walk only after work小题4:The passage mainly talks about          .

A.sitting for too long leads to increased health risks

B.standing desks have replaced sit-down ones in Facebook Inc.

C.more and more workers choose standing desks instead of sit-down ones

D.many employees at Google opt for standing desks

单项选择题