问题 解答题

如图表示植物进行的生理活动,请据图回答:

(1)若A表示氧气,B表示二氧化碳,则该图表示的生理过程是______,其表达式是:______.

(2)物质D表示______,该物质通过茎中的筛管运输到其他器官,筛管主要在植物体______部.

(3)若A表示二氧化碳,B表示氧气,则该图表示的生理过程是______,与该生理过程密切相关的细胞结构是______.

(4)若B是水蒸气,是通过______(填结构名称)从植物体进入空气的.

答案

(1)细胞内的有机物在氧的参与下被分解成二氧化碳和水,同时释放出能量的过程,叫做呼吸作用.这一生理活动是在细胞的线粒体内完成的.因此若A表示氧气,B表示二氧化碳,则该图表示的生理过程是呼吸作用.生物呼吸作用的表达式:有机物+氧→二氧化碳+水+能量.

(2)导管的功能是把从根部吸收的水和无机盐输送到全身各器官,运输方向自下而上;筛管的功能是把叶片进行光合作用制造的有机物通过筛管自上而下运输到其它器官.筛管是植物韧皮部(树皮包括表皮和韧皮部)内输导有机养料的管道.将叶子通过光合作用制造的有机物自上而下运输到植物体的全身.物质D的运输方向是向下的,因此是有机物,通过筛管运输.

(3)光合作用反应式为:二氧化碳+水

光能
叶绿体
有机物+氧气.由图可知:物质A为二氧化碳,物质B为氧气,物质B为有机物物质,所以该图图示了绿色植物光合作用;绿色植物的光合作用这一生理活动是在细胞的叶绿体内完成的.

(4)蒸腾作用是水分从活的植物体表面内以水蒸汽状态通过气孔散失到大气中的过程.因此若B表示水蒸气,则水蒸气是通过蒸腾作用散失的.

故答案为:(1)呼吸作用;有机物+氧→二氧化碳+水+能量;

(2)有机物;韧皮.

(3)光合作用;叶绿体;

(4)气孔

填空题
完形填空
任务型阅读:阅读下面的短文并从方框中的 A-F 中为每段文字选出最佳标题,在答题卡上将对应的选项涂黑。其中有一项选择是多余的。(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分)
A. Take some time to speak English
B. Join an English club
C. Have a mirror on the wall
D. Keep it short and simple
E. Listen to good English speakers
F. Practice with peers or family
Here are some tips to improve your spoken English.
小题1:
Whatever you have learnt or read in a day, practice in front of the mirror. For a start, you can read something from newspapers, English magazines, and books. Take a passage and read it aloud. After you think your accent has improved, try reciting a poem in front of the mirror. This will increase your confidence as well.
小题2:
Talk to your family members and friends in English. You can also organize debates and speeches on a low level, where everyone in your family or friend circle speaks on one topic for a few minutes. It will help you get over the fear of making mistakes, as you will be with your friends and family—your comfort zone.
小题3:
Listen to people who you think are good English speakers. It will help you catch the skill better. You can also watch their videos, listen to them online, or even in person. It can be anyone from Barack Obama to your teacher in school. Find every opportunity to speak English.
小题4:
You will meet people like you there and it will help you realize that you are not the only person who isn’t good at this subject. Also meeting different people will help you overcome your complex. You can also join coaching classes, which will provide you professional help in learning spoken English.
小题5:
Nothing is more beautiful than simplicity. So, instead of using an ambiguous(含糊不清的) language with tough words, go for simple words. Learning any new language is difficult and English is no exception. Start simple and go with the flow. With time, you would learn bigger words too.