问题 填空题

《有机化学基础》

(1)(3分)有机物含有的官能团不同,性质也有差异。

①1mol下列有机物可与2mol溴单质发生加成反应的是       (填字母)。

A.乙烯         B.乙炔       C.乙烷

②下列有机物中,核磁共振氢谱只有一个吸收峰的是        (填字母)。

A.苯           B.苯酚       C.苯甲酸

③下列有机物中,能发生银镜反应的是        (填字母)。

A.乙酸乙酯      B.乙醇       C.葡萄糖

(2)(5分)分子式为C4H10O,属于醇的同分异构体有        种,其中一种不能氧化成醛或酮,它的结构简式是        ;另一种没有支链且能被氧化成醛,写出它与乙酸发生酯化反应的方程式                   

(3)(7分)科学家常采用将药物连接在高分子载体上,制成缓释长效药物。已知某种解热镇痛类药物,其结构简式为A,把它连接到高分子聚合物B上,形成缓释长效药物C。

       

A                                   C

分子聚合物B的结构简式为                   

A与B反应生成C的有机反应类型是              

③A可水解成                     (写结构简式)。

答案

(1)(3分)(每空1分)①B ②A  ③C

(2)(5分)①  4 (2分)  ②  (1分)

③CH3COOH + CH3CH2CH2CH2OH  CH3COOCH2CH2CH2CH3 + H2O (2分)

(3)①(2分)  

②酯化(1分)      

(2分)  CH3COOH(2分)

(1)①1mol乙烯只消耗1mol溴单质,乙烷与溴单质不发生加成反应。②苯只有一种氢,而苯酚和苯甲酸都是有两种氢。③能发生银镜反应的官能团是醛基,只有葡萄糖有醛基。(2)把C4H10O写成醇的形式C4H9OH,丁基只有4种。其中不能发生催化氧化的醇的特点:与-OH相连的C上没有H,即得答案。能被氧化成醛,则此醇具有-CH2OH,没有支链,则为CH3CH2CH2CH2OH。(3)C中苯环来于A,C中酯基水解即得A(已知)和B。A中酯基水解,生成对应的酸CH3COOH和酚。

填空题

Part 4


Questions 26-45


·Read the following text and decide which answer bestfits each space.
·For questions 26-45, mark one letter A, B, C or D on the Answer Sheet.

Newspapers


Who won the World Cup 1994 football game What happened at the United Nations How did the critics like the new play When an event takes place, newspapers are on the streets (26) the details. (27) anything happens in the world, reporters are on the spot to (28) the news.
Newspapers have one basic (29) to get the news as quickly as possible from its source, from those who make it to those who want to (30) it. Radio, telegraph, television, and (31) inventions brought competition for newspapers. So did the development of magazines and other means of communication. (32) this competition merely spurred the newspapers on. They quickly made (33) of the newer and faster means of communication to improve the speed and (34) the efficiency of their own operations. Today more newspapers are printed and read than ever before.
Competition also led-newspapers to branch out into many other fields. Besides keeping readers (35) of the latest news, today’s newspapers (36) readers about politics and other important and serious matters. Newspapers influence readers’ economic choices (37) advertising. Most newspapers depend on advertising for their very (38) Newspapers are sold at a price that (39) to cover even a small fraction of the cost of production. The main (40) of income for most newspapers is commercial advertising. The (41) in selling advertising depends on a newspaper’s value to advertisers. This is measured (42) circulation. How many people read the newspaper Circulation depends (43) on the work of the circulation department and on the services or entertainment (44) in a newspaper’s pages. But for the most part, circulation depends on a newspaper’s value to readers as a source of information (45) the community, city, country, state, nation, and world—and even outer space.

A.removed

B.offered

C.encouraged

D.reduced

单项选择题