问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,回答问题。

纳米卫星

  纳米的概念,是由美国科学家于1995年首先提出的。科学家们把卫星按重量分为好多类,1000千克以上的为大型卫星,100千克~500千克的为小型卫星,10千克~100千克的为微型卫星,10千克以下的为纳米卫星。纳米卫星体积很小,仅仅比麻雀略大一点。

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  首先,纳米卫星的研制成本低。目前,平均每l千克卫星的研制费用为8万一10万美元;每千克卫星的发射费用为2万~4万美元。研制发射一颗质量为1000千克的卫星,其费用至少需要l亿美元,而一颗纳米卫星的造价不到100万美元。其次,纳米卫星的研制周期短。目前,研制一颗大型卫星的周期为10年左右,而一颗纳米卫星的研制仅仅需要两三年即可,这样更适应快速发展的科技时代。第三,纳米卫星不仅仅节约了发射、回收成本,而且还节约了轨道空闾。第四,纳米卫星可以发挥群体优势。

  科学家正在设计由小卫星组成的星座,其功能使不少的大卫星甘拜下风。发展高频段的、高速宽带的低高轨道星座系统,构筑太空信息高速公路,将成为21世纪的热点。因为它比光纤通信成本低、建造容易,是信息时代的主力军。若在地球同步轨道上,等间隔地布置648颗功能不同的纳米卫星,就可以保证对地球上任何一点进行全天候、全天时的监视。

  纳米卫星突破了传统的“一星多用,长久工作”的设计思想,不追求全面、综合、完美,而主张简化设计,采用成熟技术和模块化、标准化的硬件,所以,它的应用前景十分广阔,将广泛用于通信、遥感、天文等许多方面。这样就使一些发展中国家也可以介入纳米卫星的研制领域,从而扩大了卫星研制和应用范围。纳米卫星将成为未来卫星发展的主要趋势,而且,它的研制会给空间技术的发展带来革命性的变化。我们期待着这一天的到来。

1.概括回答纳米卫星具有哪些优势?

(1)__________________________________________________

(2)__________________________________________________

(3)__________________________________________________

(4)__________________________________________________

2.比较文中划线句和下面的改句,你认为哪个句子好,谈谈理由。

原句:而一颗纳米卫星的研制仅仅需要两三年即可。

改句:而一颗纳米卫星的研制需要三年即可。

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3.请在第一段下方画横线处补写一个承上启下的过渡句。

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4.现代社会已离不开人造卫星,请列举人造卫星应用于生活的两个例子。

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答案

1.(1)成本低(造价低);

  (2)研制周期短;

  (3)不仅节约发射、回收成本,而且节约空间轨道;

  (4)可以发挥群体优势。

2.原句好。因为原句中“仅仅”一词更进一步强调了研制一颗纳米卫星的时间短。

3.参考示例:为什么科学家想把卫星做得这么小呢?(句子完整并能承上启下即可)

4.参考示例:①利用卫星观测天气情况;②剩用卫星转播电视节目、③利用卫星航天育种。

(意对即可)

完形填空
My father brought home a sailboat when I was ten, and almost each Sunday in summers we would go sailing. Dad was quite skilled in sailing, but not good at 36 . As for me, I 37 both before twelve because of living close to Lake Ontario.
The last time Dad and I set sail together is really 38 . It was a perfect weekend after I graduated from university. I came home and 39 Dad to go sailing. Out we set soon on the__40__ lake. Dad hadn’t sailed for years, but everything   41 
well with the tiller (舵柄) in his hands.
When we were in the middle of the lake, a 42 wind came all of a sudden. The boat was hit __43 . Dad was always at his best in any 44 , but at this moment he   45 .
“John!   46 !” he shouted in a trembling voice, with the tiller still in his hands.
In my memory he could fix any 47 . He was the one I always 48 for strength and security. Before I could respond, a 49 of water got into the boat. I rushed to the tiller 50 it was too late. Another huge wall of water 51 the boat in a minute. We were thrown into the water, and Dad was struggling aimlessly. At that moment, I felt fiercely 52 of him.
I swam to Dad 53 and assisted him in climbing onto the hull (船壳) of the boat. Upon sitting on the hull, Dad was a little awkward about his flash of 54 . “It’s all right, Dad. We are safe now,” I comforted him.
That was the first time Dad had counted on me in a moment of emergency. More importantly, I found it was my turn to start 55 for my father.
小题1:
A.boating B.running C.swimming D.teaching
小题2:
A.enjoyed B.desired C.hated D.learned
小题3:
A.unforgivable B.unforgettable C.cheerful D.regretful
小题4:
A.sent B.ordered C.invited D.allowed
小题5:
A.calm B.icy C.stormy D.thundery
小题6:
A.finishedB.went C.seemed D.sounded
小题7:
A.strong B.gentle C.cold D.hot
小题8:
A.repeatedly B.lightly C.hardly D.violently
小题9:
A.danger B.place C.sport D.job
小题10:
A.suffered B.fell C.froze D.withdrew
小题11:
A.Look B.Help C.Run D.Jump
小题12:
A.problem B.relationship C.machine D.boat
小题13:
A.turned to B.lived with C.argued withD.objected to
小题14:
A.fountain B.stream C.shower D.wave
小题15:
A.if B.for C.after D.but
小题16:
A.got through B.poured intoC.turned overD.lifted up
小题17:
A.ashamed B.protective C.tired D.afraid
小题18:
A.hopelessly B.quickly C.slowly D.helplessly
小题19:
A.pain B.anger C.fear D.shame
小题20:
A.making up B.getting ready C.paying off D.looking out
多项选择题