问题 推断题

右图中,A为空气中常见的气体单质、B、C、E是金属单质,D为非金属单质。已知:①I是一种常见的温室气体,E原子核内有12个质子②G为红色物质,反应能放出大量的热,该反应曾应用于铁轨的焊接;回答下列问题:

(1)分别写出F、G、H、I的化学式

F           G            H           I         

(2)书写下列化学方程式

                                           

(3)C与NaOH溶液反应的化学方程式为                                       

反应后溶液与过量化合物I反应的化学方程式为                             

⑷1.6gG溶于盐酸,得到的溶液与铜粉完全反应,计算至少所需的铜粉的质量为:       

答案

⑴  MgO    Fe2O3   Al2O3   CO2 

⑵2Al+ Fe2O32Fe+ Al2O3    2Mg+ CO2 2MgO + C

⑶  2Al + 2NaOH+ 2H2O = 2NaAlO2+ 3H2↑  

NaAlO2+ CO2 + 2H2O = Al(OH)3↓+ NaHCO3    

⑷  m(Cu)= 0.64 g    

题目分析:I为二氧化碳,则A为氧气、D为炭;E为Mg,C与G生成B和H的反应为铝热反应,C为Al,G为氧化铁,B为铁、H为氧化铝。(3)铝与氢氧化钠溶液生成偏铝酸钠和氢气;过量二氧化碳通入偏铝酸钠溶液生成氢氧化铝和碳酸氢钠。(4)n(Fe2O3)=0.01 mol。

Fe2O+  6HCl =  2FeCl3    +  3H2O       2FeCl+  Cu =2FeCl2+ CuCl2  

0.01mol         0.02 mol            0.02mol   0.01 mol

m(Cu)=0.64 g。  

点评:铝热反应放出大量的热,可用于焊接钢轨和冶炼高熔点金属;氧化性Fe3+>Cu2+,所以氯化铁溶液能溶解铜。

完形填空
According to a new survey, students' safety has become a big problem. Now in some cities of China, many schools start a new lesson: self-protection. Students like this lesson because there are no exams or boring classes. And they can learn how to save lives and know how to stop danger before it really happens.
Lin Li, a teacher from Yancheng, gives young students some advice on how to deal with danger.
If you are in a traffic accident
If a car hits you , you should remember the car number. If it is a bicycle, try to call your parents before you let the rider go. This is because you don't know how seriously you are hurt.
If it is raining hard and there is lightning
Don't stay in high places and stay away from trees.
When there is a fire
Get away as fast as you can. Put wet things on your body and try to find an exit. Don't take the lift.
If someone drowning
If you can't swim, don't get into water. Cry out for help.
Remember that danger is never as far away as you think. Take care of yourself at all times !
If you are robbed.
Keep calm. If you can not cry for help or run away, give the robber your money. Try to remember what         the robber looks like and tell the police later.
根据文章内容,完成下列表格。
Best title: How to deal with    小题1:
Danger
What to do
Traffic   小题2:
If hit by a car, you’re supposed to remember the car 小题3:  .
If hit by a bike, call your   小题4: .
Raining with lightning
Stay at 小题5:  places and keep away from trees
小题6:
Don’t take the lift and find an exit as fast as   小题7:
Drowning
If you can’t swim , just shout “ 小题8:  !”
Robbery
Keep  小题9:
Remember the robber’s  小题10:  and tell the police later.
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