问题 计算题

如图所示,竖直平面坐标系xOy的第一象限,有垂直xOy面向外的水平匀强磁场和竖直向上的匀强电场,大小分别为BE;第四象限的垂直xOy面向里的水平匀强电场,大小也为E;第三象限内有一绝缘光滑竖直放置的半径为R的半圆轨道,轨道最高点与坐标原点O相切,最低点与绝缘光滑水平面相切于N。一质量为m的带电小球从y轴上(y>0)的P点沿x轴正方向进入第一象限后做圆周运动,恰好通过坐标原点O,且水平切入半圆轨道并沿轨道内侧运动,过N点水平进入第四象限,并在电场中运动。(已知重力加速度为g)  

(1)判断小球的带电性质并求出其带电量;  

(2)P点距坐标原点O至少多高;  

(3)若该小球以满足(2)中OP最小值的位置和对应速度进入第一象限,通过N点开始计时,经时间t=2小球距坐标原点O的距离s为多远?

答案

解:(1)小球进入第一象限正交的电场和磁场后,在垂直磁场的平面内做圆周运动,说明重力与电场力平衡

得:②,小球带正电

(2)小球在洛仑兹力作用下做匀速圆周运动,设匀速圆周运动的速度为v、轨道半径为r,有:

小球恰能通过半圆轨道的并沿轨道运动 有

由③④得:

PO的最小距离为:⑥  

(3)小球由O运动到N的过程机械能守恒:  

根据运动的独立性可知,小球从N点进入电场区域后,在x轴方向以速度vN做匀速直线运动,沿电场方向做初速度为零的匀加速直线运动,则沿x轴方向有:x=vNt

沿电场方向有:

t时刻小球距O点:

单项选择题

Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious (51) to how they can be best accommodate such changes. Growing bodies need movement and (52) , but not just in ways that emphasize competition. Because they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the (53) that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are admired by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be (54) to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, for example, publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, (55) student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can provide multiple opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful (56) dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the (57) of some kind of organization with a supportive adult (58) visible in the background.

In these activities, it is important to remember that the young teens have (59) attention spans. A variety of activities should be organized (60) participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to something else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants down.

56().

A.groups 

B.individual 

C.personnel 

D.corporation

单项选择题