问题 单项选择题 B型题

耐碱不耐酸的是().

A.霍乱弧菌

B.副溶血性弧菌

C.以上两者均是

D.以上两者均不是

答案

参考答案:A

解析:霍乱弧菌怕酸而耐碱,在正常胃酸中仅能生存4分钟,可在无盐培养基上生长,但在高于6%氯化钠的培养基上不能生长。霍乱弧菌在肠道内繁殖产生由染色体编码、对热不稳定的霍乱肠毒素CT,使肠腔内水、钠潴留,导致呕吐和腹泻。副溶血弧菌具有嗜盐性(可在7%NaCl培养基上生长),存在于近海海水及海产品中。副溶血弧菌产生耐热溶血素TDH而致病,导致溶血及心毒性及肠毒性作用,临床表现有恶心、呕吐、腹痛、低热、寒战等。

填空题
单项选择题

Euthanasia is clearly a deliberate and intentional aspect of a killing. Taking a human life, even with subtle rites and consent of the party involved is barbaric. No one can justly kill another human being. Just as it is wrong for a serial killer to murder, it is wrong for a physician to do so as well, no matter what the motive for doing so may be.

Many thinkers, including almost all orthodox Catholics, believe that euthanasia is immoral. They oppose killing patients in any circumstances whatever. However, they think it is all right, in some special circumstances, to allow patients to die by withholding treatment. The American Medical Association’s policy statement on mercy killing supports this traditional view. In my paper "Active and Passive Euthanasia" I argue, against the traditional view, that there is in fact no normal difference between killing and letting die--if one is permissible, then so is the other.

Professor Sullivan does not dispute my argument; instead he dismisses it as irrelevant. The traditional doctrine, he says, does not appeal to or depend on the distinction between killing and letting die. Therefore, arguments against that distinction "leave the traditional position untouched."

Is my argument really irrelevant I don’t see how it can be. As Sullivan himself points out, nearly everyone holds that it is sometimes meaningless to prolong the process of dying and that in those cases it is morally permissible to let a patient die even though a few more hours or days could be saved by procedures that would also increase the agonies of the dying. But if it is impossible to defend a general distinction between letting people die and acting to terminate their lives directly, then it would seem that active euthanasia also may be morally permissible.

But traditionalists like professor Sullivan hold that active euthanasia--the direct killing of patients--is not morally permissible; so, if my argument is sound, their view must be mistaken. I can not agree, then, that my argument "leave the traditional position untouched. "

However, I shall not press this point. Instead I shall present some further arguments against the traditional position, concentrating on those elements of the position which professor Sullivan himself thinks most important. According to him, what is important is, first, that we should never intentionally terminate the life of a patient, either by action or omission, and second, that we may cease or omit treatment of a patient, knowing that this will result in death, only if the means of treatment involved are extraordinary.

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage()

A. Euthanasia is a term whose meanings are too subtle to be definite

B. Sullivan contends that there is difference between killing and letting die

C. Modern medicine has assisted terminally ill patients in painless recovery

D. The author doesn’t agree that he left the traditional position untouched