问题 解答题

根据探究《绿叶在光下制造淀粉》的实验回答:

(1)实验前,请你设计一个简单的方案,以排除叶片中原有淀粉对实验的影响:______.

(2)将暗处理过得天竺葵的一片叶部分遮光、部分不遮光的目的是:______,将植物放在阳光下几个小时后,摘下这片叶放在______溶液中进行______加热,其目的是将叶的片中的______溶解到酒精中,直至叶片变为______为止.

(3)如图A是遮光部分,B是见光部分.第2步后用清水冲洗叶片,在上面滴加碘液,其中变蓝色的是______.此实验说明了绿叶在光下产生______,______是光合作用的必要条件.

答案

(1)暗处理:把盆栽的天竺葵放到黑暗处一昼夜,目的是为了让天竺葵在黑暗中把叶片中的淀粉全部转运和消耗,这样实验中用碘液检验的淀粉只可能是叶片在实验过程中制造的,而不能是叶片在实验前贮存.

(2)部分遮光:用黑纸片把叶片的一部分从上下两面遮盖起来,然后移到阳光下照射.是为了设置对照.此实验中的变量是光照.目的:看看照光的部位和不照光的部位是不是都能制造淀粉.这样做就确定绿叶中的淀粉只有在光下制造的,黑暗中不能光合作用;把叶片放入盛有酒精的小烧杯中,隔水加热.目的是用酒精溶解叶片中的叶绿素,叶片变成黄白色.便于观察到淀粉遇碘变蓝的颜色反应;装有酒精和叶片的小烧杯,一定要隔水加热.这是因为酒精是易燃、易挥发的物质,直接加热容易引起燃烧发生危险.使用水对酒精进行加热,起到控温作用,以免酒精燃烧发生危险.

(3)淀粉遇碘变蓝色,B是见光部分,进行了光合作用,B遇碘变蓝,说明这里产生了淀粉,A遇碘没有变蓝,说明这部分没有淀粉产生,所以,绿叶只有在光下才能产生淀粉,淀粉是光合作用的产物.

故答案为:(1)将植物放在黑暗处一昼夜(暗处理);

(2)作对照,验证光是光合作用的条件;酒精;隔水;叶绿素;黄白色;

(3)B;淀粉;光.

阅读理解

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

  小题1:  

Home is a place where one feels safe and secure but unfortunately, it is also a place where you may have serious accidents. The biggest single cause of accidents is human error! So you must take care of yourself!

Causes of home accidents.

  小题2:   Balconies, fireplaces, staircases, ponds, glass doors or kitchens can all increase the risk of accidents. Hot water, household chemicals, fireplaces, matches, alcohol and sharp objects are also potential dangers. Loosing balance, clumsiness and being tired or careless can be the reasons for these accidents. What’s more, if you are under stress or when a routine is changed, you may also be under the risk of home accidents.

Most common types of accidents.

You can see many dangerous home accidents happening around you. The most common ones are slips, falls and collisions. They are not fatal but often result in broken bones. The second most common types of accidents are burns, swallowed objects or breathed in chemicals.

  小题3:   Some other possible dangers at home are poisioning, choking, drowning, electric shocks, and animal bites. Some of these accidents may even result in death.

The importance of education.

Sometimes the simplest precaution protects you from the greatest harm.    小题4:   The Ministry of Health can train professionals to educate nursing staff, ordinary people, voluntary workers, teachers, nursery staff and parents in home accident prevention and control. When people know first aid, they can reduce the risk of serious injuries.

  小题5:   

You must take measures to make your home a safer place. For instance, keep knives and other sharp objects in a safe drawer. Wipe up any liquids on the floor immediately in order not to slip or fall. Keep hot objects away from the reach of children. You also mustn’t leave children unattended near a bath that has water in it. If you keep furniture away from windows, you may prevent possible harm. Store all medicines, household chemicals, and so on, preferably in a locked box and do not forget to keep all dangerous substances in their orginal containers. In brief, if you want to protect yourself, be careful not to be sorry!

A.Is home really safe?

B.Nursing home injuries.

C.Ways of preventing accidents.

D.The design of houses can cause accidents.E. Accidents can be avoided at home.

F. They especially affect children and need hospital attendance.

G. Therefore, it is important that we should educate people.

问答题 简答题