问题 选择题

下列关于光合作用和呼吸作用的叙述错误的是

A.光合作用和呼吸作用是两个相对独立的过程

B.光合作用在叶绿体中进行

C.含叶绿体的细胞不能进行呼吸作用

D.呼吸作用主要在线粒体中进行

答案

答案:C

分析:由我们所学的知识可以知道:(1)光合作用的公式:二氧化碳+水光叶绿体有机物+氧+能量

(2)呼吸作用的公式:有机物+氧→二氧化碳+水,据此可以解答本题.

(3)解答:解:植物的光合作用是在叶绿体里利用光能把二氧化碳和水合成有机物,释放氧气,同时把光能转变成化学能储存在合成的有机物中的过程;而呼吸作用指的是在细胞的线粒体内将有机物在氧的参与下被分解成二氧化碳和水,同时释放能量的过程.所以选项B与D为正确项,C为错误项,呼吸作用与光合作用的区别与联系为:

 区别联系 
场所原料条件产物能量
光合作用叶绿体二氧化碳、水有机物、氧气储存能量相互对立

相互依存

呼吸作用所有的活细胞有机物、氧气有无光皆可二氧化碳、水释放能量
所以:呼吸作用是新陈代谢过程一项最基本的生命活动,它是为生命活动的各项具体过程提供能量;光合作用是生物界最基本的物质代谢和能量代谢,一切生物的生命活动都直接或间接地依赖于光合作用制造的有机物和固定的太阳能.呼吸作用和光合作用表面看起来是两个互相相反、的过程,但这是两个不同的生理过程,在整个新陈代谢过程中的作用是不同的.在植物体内,这两过程是互相联系,相对独立的.光合作用的产物是呼吸作用的原料,呼吸作用的产物也是光合作用的原料;呼吸作用分解的有机物是光合作用制造的,故选项A为正确项.

故选:C

点评:关键要知道光合作用和呼吸作用的区别和联系,互为相反、互为联系的两个生理过程.

单项选择题 A1型题
阅读理解

Many people influenced various aspects of my life, based on their personal characteristics, accomplishments, and values. I have been fortunate to have had numerous teachers and professors who I respect for their patience and intelligence. There are artists that have inspired me by their natural talents and original creativity. I value many political leaders, who have inspired me by their contributions to society, and their ability to change our futures. But of all the people I have known in my life, the person I admire most is my father.

As the youngest girl in my family, I always considered myself to be“Daddy’s little girl”. While I grew up, it always made me sad to see so many of my friends and neighbors without a father or father-like figure around. This helped me appreciate how my father always takes an interest in his children’s lives. In every aspect of my life my father continuously pushes me to excel, so I could accomplish my work outstandingly among my people. Whenever I feel like giving up, or have a question or a concern, I know I can always call on him for advice. From him I have also learned that sometimes you have to put others’ needs ahead of your own, but you should make sure you are not taken advantage of by others. His strength seems to be unbreakable during hard times, and he is extremely determined to accomplish anything he sets his mind on, no matter how tiny it is. I highly respect him for how he stands up for what he believes in, and will never back down. I have always admired his open mind, compassion(同情) for people, and sense of understanding. He is a very reserved(保留的) man, but to everybody’s surprise, he has a great sense of humor, and always knows how to put a smile on the faces of his wife, his children and his friends.

Living in his affection and instruction, I am very proud of my father. He also professes (声称) how proud he is of his children, and is still there to support us in whatever we are involved in.

小题1:What is the best title for the passage?

A.How my father loved me

B.My father—the person I admire most

C.I am the apple of my father’s eye

D.My father—the one who influenced me most小题2:Which of the following could not be used to describe the author’s father?

A.Considerate and humorous.

B.Affectionate(慈祥的) and open-minded.

C.Knowledgeable and sociable.

D.Energetic and helpful.小题3:Which of the following can best explain the underlined word“excel”?

A.Do better than others.

B.Show off.

C.Be cleverer than others.

D.Keep healthy.小题4:According to the underlined part, the father was telling the author to       .

A.try to be good to those who were worth making friends with

B.try to take advantage of those who were friendly to her

C.think about others and help them, so that she could make them serve her

D.think about others and help them, but not to be made use of in a negative way小题5:What can we infer about the author?

A.She appreciated her father because he solved all the problems for her.

B.She considered her father humorous and was often made to laugh by him.

C.She had pity on the fatherless.

D.She was outstanding in work because her father pushed her hard.