问题 解答题
(Ⅰ)已知函数f(x)=lnx-x+1,x∈(0,+∞),求函数f(x)的最大值;
(Ⅱ)设a1,b1(k=1,2…,n)均为正数,证明:
(1)若a1b1+a2b2+…anbn≤b1+b2+…bn,则a1b1a2b2anbn≤1;
(2)若b1+b2+…bn=1,则
1
n
b1b1b2b2bnbn≤b12+b22+…+bn2
答案

(I)f(x)的定义域为(0,+∞),

令f′(x)=

1
x
-1=0,解得x=1,

当0<x<1时,f′(x)>0,所以f(x)在(0,1)上是增函数;

当x>1时,f′(x)<0,所以f(x)在(1,+∞)上是减函数;

故函数f(x)在x=1处取得最大值f(1)=0;

(II)(1)由(I)知,当x∈(0,+∞)时,有f(x)≤f(1)=0,即lnx≤x-1,

∵ak,bk(k=1,2…,n)均为正数,从而有lnak≤ak-1,

得bklnak≤akbk-bk(k=1,2…,n),

求和得

lnb1a1
+
lnb2a2
+
lnb3a3
+…+
lnbnan
≤a1b1+a2b2+…+anbn-(b1+b2+…+bn

∵a1b1+a2b2+…anbn≤b1+b2+…bn

lnb1a1
+
lnb2a2
+
lnb3a3
+…+
lnbnan
≤0,即ln(a1b1a2b2… anbn)≤0,

a1b1a2b2anbn≤1;

(2)先证

1
n
b1b1b2b2bnbn

令ak=

1
nbk
(k=1,2…,n),则a1b1+a2b2+…+anbn=1=b1+b2+…bn

于是由(1)得(

1
nb1
)b1(
1
nb2
)
b2
(
1
nbn
)
bn
≤1,即
1
 b1b1b2b2bnbn
≤nb1+b2+…bn=n,

1
n
b1b1b2b2bnbn

②再证b1b1b2b2bnbn≤b12+b22+…+bn2

记s=b12+b22+…+bn2.令ak=

bk
s
(k=1,2…,n),

则a1b1+a2b2+…+anbn=

1
s
(b12+b22+…+bn2)=1=b1+b2+…bn

于是由(1)得(

1
sb1
)b1(
1
sb2
)
b2
(
1
sbn
)
bn
≤1,

b1b1b2b2bnbn≤sb1+b2+…bn=s,

b1b1b2b2bnbn≤b12+b22+…+bn2

综合①②,(2)得证.

阅读理解

There is a wonderful story about a young girl who had no family and no one to love her.

One day,feeling very sad and lonely, she was walking through a grassland when she noticed a small butterfly caught in a thorn (荆棘) bush. The young girl carefully released the Butterfly. Instead of flying away, the little butterfly changed into a beautiful fairy. The young girl rubbed(擦) her eyes in disbelief.“For your wonderful kindness,” the good fairy said to the girl,“I will give you any wish you would like.” The little girl thought for a moment and then replied,“I want to be happy.”The fairy  whispered(耳语) in her ear. Then the fairy disappeared.

As the little girl grew up, there was no one in the land as happy as she. Everyone asked her secret of happiness .She would only smile and answer,“The secret of my happiness is that I listened to a good fairy when I was a little girl.”

When she was very old and on her deathbed ,the neighbors gathered around her,they said to her “Tell us, please,” they begged,“Tell us what the good fairy said.” The lovely old woman simply smiled and said,“She told me that everyone, no matter how secure they seemed, no matter how old or young,how rich or poor, had need of me.”

小题1:______ the girl felt sad and lonely.

A.There was nobody to love her so

B.There were many friends

C.There was nothing to do

D.Seeing the butterfly was caught小题2: Noticing the butterfly was caught by the thorn,the orphan girl ______.

A.failed to help it release from the thorn

B.felt sorrow,but she didn’t go up to help it

C.fell down on it too

D.helped the butterfly escaped from the thorn小题3: The butterfly ______ after it was saved by the little girl.

A.flied away

B.changed into a fairy

C.still died

D.was more beautiful than before小题4:The only thing that the little girl wanted was________.

A.to be rich

B.to have her own parents

C.to have a lot of friends

D.happiness

单项选择题