问题 选择题

不可回收的航天器在使用后,将成为太空垃圾。如图所示是漂浮在地球附近的太空垃圾示意图,对此有如下说法,正确的是(    )

A.离地越低的太空垃圾运行周期越小

B.离地越高的太空垃圾运行角速度越小

C.由公式v得,离地越高的太空垃圾运行速率越大

D.太空垃圾一定能跟同一轨道上同向飞行的航天器相撞

答案

AB

题目分析:设地球质量为M,垃圾质量为m,垃圾的轨道半径为r;由牛顿第二定律可得:,垃圾的运行周期:,所以r越小,即离地越低的太空垃圾运行周期越小,故A正确;由牛顿第二定律可得:,垃圾运行的角速度,所以轨道半径越大,即离地越高的垃圾的角速度越小,故B正确;由牛顿第二定律可得:,垃圾运行的线速度,轨道半径越大,即离地越高的垃圾线速度越小,故C错误;由线速度公式可知,在同一轨道上的航天器与太空垃圾线速度相同,如果它们绕地球飞行的运转方向相同,它们不会碰撞,故D错误;

故选AB.

点评:太空垃圾绕地球做匀速圆周运动,地球的万有引力提供向心力,由牛顿第二定律列方程,求出线速度、角速度、周期的表达式,然后答题.

阅读理解

阅读下面的短文,根据短文内容回答问题。

     New rules and behaviour standards (行为规范) for middle school students came out (颁布) in March.

Middle schools are going to use a new way to decide who the top students are. The best students won't

only have high marks. The following are some of the new rules.

     Tell the truth. Have you ever cheated (作弊) in an exam? Don't do it again! That's not something honest

students should do.

     Do more at school. Good students love animals and care for other people. April is Bird loving Month in

China. Is your school doing anything to celebrate it? You should join! In that way, you can learn more about

animals and how to protect (保护) them.

     Be open to new ideas. Have you ever thought people could live on the moon? Maybe you'll find another

earth in space in the future. Everyone's new ideas are important.

     Protect yourself. Has a thief ever taken money from one of your classmates? Don't let it happen to you.

If you have to go back home late, you should let your parents know.

     Use the Internet carefully. The Internet can be very useful for your study. But some things on the Internet

aren't for kids, so try to look at the good web pages (网页). You can use the web pages for fun or homework.

1. What should the best students do in an exam?

                                                                                                                 

2. What should you do if you have to go back home late? 

                                                                                                                    

3. What can the children use the good web pages for? 

                                                                                                                    

4. When did the new rules come out? 

                                                                                                                    

5. Which new idea do you think may come true? 

                                                                                                                    

单项选择题 B1型题