问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读理解。

植物的骗术

  绝大部分植物都能从阳光中获取赖以生存的“食物”,但也有部分植物发现窃取“他人”劳动果实或许是一种更容易的生存方式,在这种情况下,植物之间尔虞我诈也就不足为奇了

  美国加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校研究真菌的学者马丁·比达滕多领导小组发现,劳动果实被窃取者是一类名为菌根菌的真菌。这类真菌散布广泛,70%的植物根部都有它们的踪迹。

  比达滕多认为,菌根菌的广泛存在不仅暗示人们上部寄生虫如何生存,同时也表明,即便是普通植物也能通过窃取菌根菌的果实而获得好处,比如,由于分享同一真菌网络,丛林中位于底部的植物可能会从那些高大且受到阳光偏爱的上层植物那里吸取碳水化合物。

  植物之间也存在“贸易往来”。一般说来,绿色植物能通过光合作用得到碳水化合物,但只有碳水化合物是不够的,它们还需要矿物质。为此,大部分植物都与菌根菌建立了共生关系。菌根菌帮助绿色植物从根部吸收矿物质。作为回报,绿色植物一般会向菌根菌提供糖分和碳水化合物。由于同菌根菌共享一个地下网络的植物有很多,于是不可避免地就出现了一些打破惯例的“诈骗者”——它们不再向菌根菌提供报酬,反而从后者那里吸收糖分及碳水化合物。这部分诈骗者被称为上部寄生虫。

  植物世界中有数千种成员无法进行光合作用,其中以窃取地下真菌糖分为生的有400多种。

1.读完此文,你觉得《植物的骗术》这个题目用得好吗?为什么?

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2.“在这种情况下,植物之间尔虞我诈也就不足为奇了。”理解加粗词的含义。

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3.作者提到“植物之间也存在‘贸易往来’”,联系你学过的生物知识,你能举例说明植物之间也存在“贸易往来”吗?

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4.“植物的骗术”那是植物生存的本能需求,可现在社会上的骗子越来越多,网上陷阱更是多得数不胜数,你能针对这一不良社会现象,谈谈自己的看法吗?

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答案

1.好。运用“拟人”的修辞手法,容易吸引读者的注意力。

2.这里指植物之间的相互利用,相互吸引自己所需要的物质,其实这仅是一种本能需要。(意对即可)

3.虫草——草本植物与真菌的集合体。

木耳,银耳,蘑菇——木本植物与真菌的集合体。

地衣——藻类与菌类的集合体,相互帮助的典型。(答案不唯一)

4.这种“骗”是违背道德良知、有害社会治安的。(言之有理即可)

完形填空

第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

阅读下面短文,从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

I am a team leader in an insurance company. We are going through a lot of changes right now, which is  36  much stress for all of us.

A few weeks ago I was having a day so  37  that I even doubted if I had the ability to do this challenging work, and was about ready to change to a less stressful job  38  . Something happened that day to change my way of  39  and I am so appreciative of this young lady. I want to let her know that the small act  40  .

On the top of my cubicle (工作隔间) I have a small collection of lighthouses (灯塔) to let people know where I am sitting  41  my team members have to find me for emergencies.

That day I came into the office and was about to get the day  42  when Crystal came over. l asked if she needed anything. She said, "I  43  you something. " I looked at her with a  44  look and said, "Well, thank you, but why  45  you buy me anything?" I had never spoke to this young lady   _46  . She said, "Every day I stand up and look across the  47  and see your lighthouses. Then I feel I am not alone and I encourage myself that there are always  48  things in life. I saw this on the way to work and thought  49  would like it. I wish it would have the same  50  as your Lighthouses do. " In her hand she had a small globe with a Lighthouse and a ship on it. I gave her a hug and  51  her. I don't think she knows how much that small act of  52   changed my day: 1 remained  53  the rest of the day.

For anyone that reads this, I hope you remember, no matter what the  54   is, you could change

someone's day,  55  even his views on life.

36. A. preventing              B. reducing            C. causing            D. suffering

37. A. funny              B. nice               C. bad              D. dull

38. A. everywhere          B. elsewhere            C. anywhere          D. nowhere

39. A. working             B. behaving          C. speaking            D. thinking

40. A. broke my heart       B. touched my heart   C. lost my heart       D. tore my heart

41. A. in case                B. so that              C. as if              D. even though

42. A. ended                  B. started             C. changed            D. avoided

43. A. borrowed          B. lent               C. sold               D. bought

44. A. delighted               B. puzzled            C. thankful            D. worried

45. A. might              B. dare                C. could                      D. would

46. A. before              B. then                    C. since              D. after

47. A. dorm              B. office             C. ship               D. tower

48. A. bright             B. challenging        C. bad               D. stressful

49. A. colleagues          B. leaders            C. you                D. I

50. A. opinion            B. cause              C. expectation         D. effect

51. A. praised             B. thanked             C. scolded             D. refund

62. A. justice               B. courage             C. kindness             D. tolerance

53. A. careful             B. encouraged         C. tired                       D. alone

54. A. present               B. work               C. gesture             D. intention

55. A. so                 B. for                 C. or                  D. nor

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