问题 阅读理解与欣赏

微晶玻璃

  微晶玻璃是一种我国刚刚开发的新型的建筑材料,它的学名叫做玻璃陶瓷。微晶玻璃和我们常见的玻璃看起来大不相同。它具有玻璃和陶瓷的双重特性,普通玻璃内部的原子排列是没有规则的,这也是玻璃易碎的原因之一。而微晶玻 璃象陶瓷一样,由晶体组成,也就是说,它的原子排列是有规律的。所以,微晶玻璃比陶瓷的亮度高,比玻璃韧性强。       

  把微晶玻璃与天然石材的对比实验。我们把墨水分别倒在大理石和微晶玻璃上,稍等片刻,微晶玻璃上的墨汁可以轻易的擦掉,而大理石上的墨迹却留了下来。这是为什么呢?大理石、花岗岩等天然石材表面粗糙,可以藏污纳垢,微晶玻璃就没有这种问题。大家都知道,大理石的主要成分是碳酸钙,用它做成建筑物,很容易与空气中的水和二氧化碳发生化学反应,这就是大理石建筑物日久变色的原因,而微晶玻璃几乎不与空气发生反应,所以可以历久长新。      

  专家介绍说,这项发明的突破点主要有两个,分别是原料的配比和工艺的设计。其中,工艺的设计是技术的关键。置备微晶玻璃首先要把原材料按照比例配好,放到窑炉里烧熔,等全部融化之后,把熔液倒在冰冷的铁板上,这叫做淬火,淬火之后,原料已经变成了一块晶莹的玻璃,这一步是烧结的过程。现在,我们把玻璃捣碎,装入模具,抹平,再次放入窑炉,这次煅烧使它的原子排列规则化,是从普通玻璃到微晶玻琉的过程。

  一般的废渣土中都含有制作微晶玻璃的大多数成分,我们通过电脑检测,确定现有原料的化学组成,添加所缺部分,大大降低了成本。微晶玻璃利用废渣、废土做原材料,有利于环境治理,可以变废为宝,与各地环保工作同步进行

1.微晶玻璃与普通玻璃、陶瓷相比有哪些特性?

答:____________________________。

2.通过微晶玻璃与天然石材的对比实验,得出了怎样的结论?

答:_____________________________。

3.文中加粗的“大多数”一词能否删去?为什么?    

答:______________________________。

4.从文中看,微晶玻璃的工艺设计是制作技术的关键,概括地说,它包括两步。

一是:____________________________。

二是:____________________________。                                  

答案

1.比陶瓷的亮度高,比玻璃韧性好。

2.微晶玻璃与天然石材相比,表面光滑,几乎不与空气发生反应,可以历久常新。

3.不能删去。“大多数”是指绝大部分,说明废渣土中含制作微晶玻璃的成分多。

4.烧结;煅烧(以上主观题意对即可)

阅读理解

Family traditions were important in our house, and none was more appreciated than the perfect Christmas tree.

"Dad, can we watch when you trim(修剪) the tree?" My eldest son, Dan, nine, and his seven-year-old brother John, asked.

"I won't be cutting this year," my husband Bob said. "Dan, you and John are old enough to measure things. Do it all by yourselves. Think you boys can handle it?"

Dan and John seemed to grow six inches in their chairs at the thought of such an amazing responsibility. "We can handle it," Dan promised. "We won't let you down."

A few days before Christmas, Dan and John rushed in after school. They gathered the tools they'd need and brought them out to the yard, where the tree waited. I was cooking when I heard the happy sounds as the boys carried the tree into the living room. Then I heard the sound that every mother knows is trouble: dead silence. I hurried out to them. The tree was cut too short. John crossed his arms tight across his chest. His eyes filled with angry tears.

I felt worried. The tree was central to our holiday. I didn't want the boys to feel ashamed every time they looked at it. I couldn't lower the ceiling, and I couldn't raise the floor either. There was no way to undo the damage done. Suddenly, a thought came to my mind, which turned the problem into the solution.

"We can't make the tree taller," I said. "But we can put it on a higher position."

Dan nodded his head sideways. "We could put it on the coffee table. It just might work! Let's try it!"

When Bob got home and looked at the big tree on top of the coffee table, Dan and John held their breath.

"What a good idea!" he declared. "Why didn't I ever think of such a thing?"

John broke into a grin. Dan's chest swelled with pride.

小题1: The underlined part "grow six inches" (Para. 4) implies the brothers felt        .

A.proud

B.nervous

C.embarrassed

D.scared小题2:What happened after the brothers moved the Christmas tree into the living room?

A.They rushed to school.

B.They began to decorate the tree.

C.They got angry with each other.

D.They found the tree was cut short.小题3:How could the short tree be turned into a perfect one?

A.By making the tree taller.

B.By lowering the ceiling.

C.By placing it on a coffee table.

D.By raising the floor.小题4:What Bob said in the last but one paragraph (the underlined part)showed        .

A.he was a little disappointed

B.he was too stupid to think of the idea

C.he appreciated what the brothers had done

D.he should not have given them the task

问答题