问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下文,完成第16~19题。(15分)

报秋

宗璞

似乎刚过完春节,什么都还来不及干呢,已是长夏天气,让人懒洋洋的像只猫。一家人夏衣尚未打点好,猛然却见玉簪花那雪白的圆鼓鼓的棒槌,从拥挤着的宽大的绿叶中探出头来。我先是一惊,随即怅然。这花一开,没几天便是立秋。以后便是处暑便是白露便是秋分便是寒露,过了霜降,便立冬了。真真的怎么得了!

这花的生命力极强,随便种种,总会活的。不挑地方,不拣土壤,而且特别喜欢背阴处,把阳光让给别人,很是谦让。据说花瓣可以入药,还有人来讨那叶子,要捣烂了治脚气。我说它是生活上向下比,工作上向上比,算得一种玉簪花精神罢。

我喜欢花,却没有侍弄花的闲情。因有自知之明,不敢邀名花居留,只有时要点草花种种。有一种太阳花又名“死不了”,开时五色缤纷,杂在草间很好看。种了几次,都不成功。“连死不了都种死了。”我们常这样自嘲。

玉簪花却不同,从不要人照料,只管自己蓬勃生长。往后院月洞门小径的两旁,随便移栽了几个嫩芽,次年便有绿叶白花,点缀着夏末秋初的景致。我的房门外有一小块地,原有两行花,现已形成一片,绿油油的,完全遮住了地面。在晨光熹微或暮色朦胧中,一柄柄白花擎起,隐约如绿波上的白帆,不知驶向何方。有些植物的繁茂枝叶中,会藏着一些小活物,吓人一跳。玉簪花下却总是干净的。可能因气味的缘故,不容虫豸近身。

花开有十几朵,满院便飘着芳香。不是丁香的幽香;不是挂花的甜香,也不是荷花的那种清香。它的香比较强,似乎有点醒脑的作用。采几朵放在养石子的水盆中,房间里便也飘散着香气,让人减少几分懒洋洋,让人心里警惕着:秋来了。

秋是收获的季节,我却是两手空空。一年、两年过去了,总是在不安和焦虑中。怪谁呢,很难回答。 

久居异乡的兄长,业余喜好诗词。前天寄来南宋词人朱敦儒的《西江月》。

日日深杯酒满,朝朝小圃花开,自歌自舞自开怀,无拘无束无碍。

青史几番春梦,红尘多 * * 才,不须计较与安排,领取而今现在。

我把“领取而今现在”一句反复吟哦,觉得这是一种悠然自得的境界。其实不必深杯酒满,不必小圃花开,只在心中领取,便得逍遥。 

领取自己那一份,也有品味把玩、获得的意思。那么,领取秋,领取冬,领取四季,领取生活罢。

小题1:.文章第一自然段哪两个词语点明了作者的心情或心态?作者为什么有此心情或心态? (4分)

小题2:.文中写了玉簪花的哪些特点或品质?用词语或短语概括。(4分)

小题3:.作者在《紫藤萝瀑布》中l以紫藤萝花喻美好的人生,告诉我们生活道理。这篇文章以报秋的玉簪花喻理,隐含了作者怎样的人生态度?(4分)

小题4:.文中有两处写了看似与玉簪花不相干,实则是必要的内容。请选取其中一处进行分析,阐明作用。(3分)

答案

小题1:一惊(惊)、帐然。(2分) 原因:夏未尽玉簪花就“探头”报秋了,时间过得太快了。(2分)

小题1:生命力强、谦让、可人药、自己生长、醒脑的香气。(4分)

小题1:玉簪花提醒人们秋天已经来了,时光飞逝;(2分)人们要少一些惰性,要如玉簪花那样工作上向上,生活上向下,要把握好自己的人生。(2分)

小题1:一处是写种太阳花的不成功;一处是引用朱敦儒的词《西江月》。(选对一处即得1分)前者反衬出玉簪花的生命力顽强;后者以词的内容生发开去点明主题。(答对一处得2分)

阅读理解

Perhaps every older generation since ancient times has complained about young people, and today is no different. Isn’t it obvious that kids these days are self-absorbed social network addicts?

However, this summer, my impression of today’s kids has been restored by the story of Rachel Beckwith. She could teach my generation a great deal about maturity (成熟) and unselfishness — even though she’s just 9 years old, or was when she died on July 23.

At age 5, Rachel had her long hair cut off and sent to Locks of Love, which uses hair donations to make artificial hair for children who have lost their own hair because of cancer or other diseases. After that, Rachel announced that she would grow her hair long again and donate it again. And that’s what she did.

Then when she was 8 years old, her church began raising money to build wells in Africa through an organization called “charity: water”. Rachel was astonished when she learned that other children had no clean water, so she skipped her ninth birthday party. Rachel set up a birthday page on the charity: water website with a target of $300. Instead of presents, she asked her friends to donate $9 each to charity: water. Finally Rachel raised only $220 — which had left her just a bit disappointed.

Then, on July 20, a serious traffic accident left Rachel critically injured. Church members and friends, seeking some way of showing support, began donating on Rachel’s birthday page — charitywater.org/Rachel — and donations reached her $300 goal, and kept rising.

When it was clear that Rachel would never regain consciousness, the family decided to remove the life-support machine. Her parents donated her hair for the final time to Locks of Love, and her organs to other children.

Word spread about Rachel’s last fund-raiser (募捐行动). Contributions poured in, often they donated $9. The total donations soon topped $100,000, then $300,000.

This is a story not just of one girl, but of a young generation of outstanding problem-solvers working creatively.

小题1:Which of the following is TRUE of Rachel?

A.She died at the age of 8.

B.She was a cancer patient.

C.She was a warm-hearted girl.

D.She founded Locks of Love.小题2:The underlined word “skipped” in Paragraph 4 probably means “      ”.

A.put off

B.gave up

C.expected

D.planned小题3:According to the text, Rachel set up the birthday page to       .

A.make more new friends

B.call on people to donate hair

C.ask her friends to send her gifts

D.raise money to help African children小题4:How does the author feel about the young generation now?

A.Worried

B.Critical.

C.Appreciative.

D.Doubtful小题5:What would be the best title for the text?

A.Rachel’s last fund-raiser

B.Rachel and her birthday page

C.Kids are addicted to social networks.

D.What’s wrong with the young generation?

单项选择题