问题 填空题

药物E具有抗癌抑菌功效,其合成路线如下。

已知:NaBH4是一种很强的还原剂,可以将-CN还原为-CH2NH2

(1)关于化合物D的说法错误的是_______________

a.1molD最多可与3molH2发生加成反应    b.可以与盐酸发生反应

c.可以使高锰酸钾酸性溶液褪色           d.是烃的含氧衍生物

(2)反应③在水溶液中进行,HCl是催化剂,此反应中除了生成D外,还有一种产物,该产物的名称是_________________。

(3)E的结构简式为______________________。

(4)合成路线中设计反应①和③的目的是____________________________________________

(5)阅读以下信息,依据以上流程图和所给信息,以CH3CHO和CH3NH2为原料设计合成α-氨基丙酸【CH3CH(NH2)COOH】的路线。

已知:

提示:①合成过程中无机试剂任选,②合成反应流程图表示方法示例如下:

A→B→C…→H.

答案

(1)a、d( 2分)

(2)乙二醇 ( 2分)

(3)( 2分)

(4)保护醛基不被还原( 2分)

(5)(4分)

题目分析:(1)化合物D中含有一个醛基和一个苯环都可以与氢气加成,a.1molD最多可与4molH2发生加成反应,错误。b.由于存在氨基可以与盐酸发生反应,正确。c.醛基和苯环侧链都可以使高锰酸钾酸性溶液褪色,正确。d.由于存在氮元素,不是烃的含氧衍生物,错误。

(2)根据C到D恢复了醛基,说明还生成了乙二醇。

(3)D生成E为脱水反应生成六元环,-CHO和-CH2NH2生成-C=N-,E的结构简式为

(4)醛基在有机合成中易被还原,故应先保护,而后释放出来,故答案为:保护醛基不被还原;

(5)由CH3CHO和CH3NH2反应生成CH3CH=NCH3,然后与HCN发生加成反应生成CH3CH(CN)=NCH3,然后在酸性条件下可生成目标物,反应流程为

完形填空

第二节完形填空 (共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡将该项涂黑。

Brenda was a young woman who was invited to go rock climbing.   36   she was very frightened, she went with her  37   to a cliff. She took hold of the rope and started   38   the face of that rock. She got to a place where she could take a breath.   39   she was hanging on there, the safety rope suddenly struck Brenda’s eye and   40    her contact lens(隐形镜片).

Well, here she was, on a rock face, with hundreds of feet below her and hundreds of feet   41    her. She began to get  42   , and she had to pray to the Lord to help her to    43  it.

When she got to the top, a friend  44   her eye and her clothing for the lens, but there was no contact lens to be found. She   45    across the mountains, thinking of that verse(诗句) that says, “The    46 of the Lord run backward and forward throughout the whole earth.” She thought, “Lord, you can see all these   47   . You know every stone and leaf, and you know   48    where my contact lens is. Please help me.”

Finally, they  49    down the path to the bottom. At the bottom there was a new party of climbers just starting up the face of the cliff. Suddenly, one of them shouted out, “Hey, you guys! Anybody  50   a contact lens?”

Well, that would be   51    enough, but you know   52    the climber saw it? An ant was moving  53   across the face of the rock, carrying it on it’s back.

Brenda told her father about the story of the  54  , the prayer, and the contact lens. He then drew a picture of an ant carrying that contact lens with the words, “Lord, I don’t know why you want me to do this. I can’t eat it, and it’s awfully   55    .But if this is what you want me to do, I’ll carry it for you.”

36.   A.    Although B.    As   C.    Because   D.    Except

37.   A.    friend      B. group  C.    guide      D.    leader

38.   A.    down      B.    off   C.    On      D.    up

39.   A.    Because   B.    As   C.    Before     D.    Until

40.   A.    wore out  B.    gave out  C.    carried out      D.    knocked out

41.   A.    over B.    across      C.    beyond    D.    above

42.   A.    hopeful   B.    upset       C.    Eager         D.    proud

43.   A.    search     B.    dream     C.    find D.    imagine

44.   A.    watched   B.    tested      C.    saw  D.    examined

45.   A.    looked up       B.    looked on       C.    looked out      D.    looked for

46.   A.    eyes B.    arms       C.    hands      D.    legs

47.   A.    persons    B.    mountains       C.    trees D.    animals

48.   A.    exactly    B.    simply     C.    generally D.    nearly

49.   A.    walked    B.    climbed   C.    ran   D.    flew

50.   A.    missed     B.    owned     C.    got   D.    lost

51.   A.    annoying B.    surprising       C.    disappointing  D.    worrying

52.   A.    which      B.    why C.    when       D.    whether

53.   A.    Quickly B.      happily    C.    slowly     D.    sadly

54.   A.    rock B.    rope C.    ant   D.    Lord

55.   A.    heavy      B.    light     C.valuable   D.    dirty

问答题 简答题