问题 听力题

根据短文内容填写表格(所填内容可能是单词、短语或句子)

March 25 is the 17th National Day of Education on the Safety of Elementary and Middle School Students. The theme (主题)of the day this year is to give students more knowledge about how to keep safe.

How can you keep yourselves safe? Here are some suggestions.

When there is a fire: Shout out “Fire”! Call 119! Try to find a safe exit(出口) and get away quickly. Don’t use a lift. Use a piece of cloth to cover your mouth and nose.

When there is an earthquake at school: Stay calm. Follow the teachers’ instructions. Quickly move under the desk. Don’t jump out of windows or run out.

When you are on the street: Wait for the green traffic light. Look left and right before crossing the street. Don’t run across the street.

When you are eating: Wash fruits and vegetables carefully before eating them. Check the expiration dates(保质期) of the food. Don’t eat the food if it looks or smells bad.

When you are at school: Take care not to fall down or hurt yourself. Don’t run, jump or push while going upstairs or downstairs. Take care of yourself all the time.

Suggestions on      小题1:   

Situations

What you should do

What you shouldn’t do

Be on fire

Shout out “fire”!    小题2:   ! Find a safe exit. Get away quickly. Use a piece of cloth to cover your mouth and nose.

Take a lift.

Have an earthquake

Stay calm. Follow the teachers’

instructions.    小题3:    .

Jump out of windows.

Run out.

Be on the street

Wait for the green traffic light. Look left and right before crossing the street.

     小题4:      .

While eating

Wash fruits and vegetables carefully. Check the expiration dates.

Eat bad food.

While at school

    小题5:   at any time.

Jump, run or push while going upstairs or downstairs.

答案

小题1:the safety/ keeping/staying(/yourself/yourselves) safe

小题2:Call 119 !

小题3:Quickly move under the desk.

小题4:Run across the street.

小题5:Take care of /Look after yourself

题目分析:这篇短文主要介绍了一些生活中常见的安全问题。

小题1:根据How can you keep yourselves safe? Here are some suggestions.及下文描述,可知本文主要是一些关于安全问题的建议。故填:the safety/ keeping/staying(/yourself/yourselves) safe。

小题2:根据When there is a fire: Shout out “Fire”! Call 119! 描述,可知填:Call 119 !

小题3:根据When there is an earthquake at school: Stay calm. Follow the teachers’ instructions. Quickly move under the desk.描述,可知填:Quickly move under the desk.

小题4:根据When you are on the street: Wait for the green traffic light. Look left and right before crossing the street. Don’t run across the street.

描述,可知填:Don’t run across the street.

小题5:根据When you are at school: Take care not to fall down or hurt yourself. …… Take care of yourself all the time.描述,可知填:Take care of /Look after yourself

点评:本题中个别小题不能直接从文中找到答案,需要自己根据相关内容分析总结。一定要弄懂全文后再动手解答问题。书写答案时,注意首字母大写。为避免不必要的错误,只要能使用原文的就尽量使用原文回答问题,自己总结的答案注意人称和数的变化,要符合语法规则。

问答题 案例分析题
单项选择题

艾滋病的全称叫获得性免疫缺乏综合症,是一种由免疫缺陷病毒感染引起的传染病。要认识艾滋病,首先应了解艾滋病的“重灾区”—免疫系统。
人的生存环境中存在着各种各样的细菌、病毒、真菌、寄生虫。这些微生物或寄生虫侵入人体,先是遭遇到人体免疫系统的抵抗。免疫系统中较为重要的是淋巴细胞,它们从淋巴组织中出来进入血液,在全身不停地巡逻以御敌。
淋巴细胞分T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞。T淋巴细胞能直接攻击入侵者,T细胞中的CD4T细胞尤为重要。当微生物侵入人体,CD4T细胞便立即发出警报,指挥其他淋巴细胞特别是CD8T淋巴细胞做出反应,进入战斗。B淋巴细胞针对侵入的微生物、寄生虫等产生一种特异性的特质,称作抗体,抗体与“入侵者”结合,进行“肉搏”并力图将其歼灭。
人体的免疫系统具有辨识“异己”的能力,机体的“异己”在医学上称之为“抗原物质”,抗原会刺激免疫系统产生与之针锋相对的抗体。因此,若检出抗体,即可确认抗原存在或曾经存在过。同时,机体会产生特异性的细胞免疫,以破坏被艾滋病毒感染的CD4T淋巴细胞。
艾滋病毒的主攻目标就是人体的免疫系统,它进入人体后,首先侵入免疫系统的指挥者—CD4T淋巴细胞内,或侵入其他细胞,如巨噬细胞、树突状细胞等,并产生大量病毒,由此引起人体强烈的免疫反应。人体免疫系统与病毒搏斗,并将大量病毒消灭。但总有少量病毒潜伏下来,并继续产生病毒。此时,病人无症状,但已具有传染力,可以通过血液或性分泌物将病毒传播给他人。半年至数年后艾滋病毒便猖狂、活跃起来。借助人体大量复制并释放出的病毒,四面出击,打死CD4T淋巴细胞乃至整个免疫系统。
人体内总的CD4T细胞约有1000亿,艾滋病人约有250亿被感染,在他体内每天可产生10~20亿病毒颗粒,也产生相当数量的CD4T细胞,尽管他体内的免疫系统与病毒进行殊死搏斗,但由于他们体内的免疫系统已被“蛀蚀”,终于“全线崩溃”,无力抗敌,严重的“机会性感染”和肿瘤随之发生,这便是艾滋病了。

淋巴细胞有几种

A.两种
B.三种
C.四种
D.五种