问题 计算题

如图甲所示足够长的平行光滑金属导轨ab、cd倾斜放置,两导轨之间的距离为L=0.5m,导轨平面与水平面间的夹角为θ=30°,导轨上端a、c之间连接有一阻值为R1=4Ω的电阻,下端b、d之间接有一阻值为R2=4Ω的小灯泡。有理想边界的匀强磁场垂直于导轨平面向上,虚线ef为磁场的上边界,ij为磁场的下边界,此区域内的感应强度B,随时间t变化的规律如图乙所示,现将一质量为m=0.2kg的金属棒MN,从距离磁场上边界ef的一定距离处,从t=0时刻开始由静止释放,金属棒MN从开始运动到经过磁场的下边界ij的过程中,小灯泡的亮度始终不变。金属棒MN在两轨道间的电阻r=1Ω,其余部分的电阻忽略不计,ef、ij边界均垂直于两导轨。重力加速度g=10m/s2。求:

(1)小灯泡的实际功率;

(2)金属棒MN穿出磁场前的最大速率;

(3)整个过程中小灯泡产生的热量。

答案

(1)1W (2) 3m/s (3)1.08J

题目分析:(1)由于小灯泡的亮度始终不变,说明金属棒MN进入磁场后作匀速直线运动,速度达到最大,由平衡条件得:,得

小灯泡的电功率   得:

(2)由闭合电路的欧姆定律得:

其中,总电阻

由法拉第电磁感应定律得:

由以上各式代入数据解得:

(3)金属棒进入磁场前,由牛顿第二定律得:

加速度a=gsin30°=5m/s2

进入磁场前所用的时间:,得 

设磁场区域的长度为x。在0-t1时间内,由法拉第电磁感应定律得:

金属棒MN进入磁场前,总电阻+

又感应电动势,所以

在磁场中运动的时间

整个过程中小灯泡产生的热量

代入数据解得:

阅读理解

阅读理解。

  It is Sunday today. Tom is lying in bed. It is eight-thirty. He doesn't want to

get up.  His father is watering the flowers(浇花).  His mother is cooking

breakfast. His sister is doing her homework.

  "Get up,  Tom. "  says his mother,  " Go to help your dad. " Tom  has to

leave the bed, but he finds a math book in his bag. He stdrts to read loudly. "

Three times (乘)  five is fifte.en,  three times six is six-teen. . . " His mother

hears this and  becomes  angry (生气).   She  asks," What are you reading,

Tom?"  "I don't know. "  " Aren't you reading?"" Yes,  I am, " answers the boy.

" But I am not listening ! "

1. There are _____ people in Tom's family.

A. two      

B. three      

C. four          

D.five

2. The family are all busy except(除…以外_____.

A. Tom      

B. Tom's si    

C. Tom's father      

D. Tom's mother

3. Tom doesn't want to get up because          .

A. it is very early              

B. he is very tired

C. he has no homework            

D. he doesn't need to go to school

4. _____, so he begins to read the book.

A. Tom doesn't want to get up to help his father

B. Tom doesn't want to help anyone

C. Tom likes reading very much

D. Tom likes to study math very much

5. Tom's mother is angry because _____.

A. her son doesn't go to help his father

B. what her son is reading is not right

C. her son is reading a math book

D. her son doesn't listen to her

单项选择题