问题 实验题

A、B、C、D、E、F均为短周期元素,其原子序数依次增大。已知:A的最外层电子数等于其电子层数;B的最外层电子数是次外层电子数的两倍;D是地壳中含量最高的元素;D和F、A和E分别同主族;E是所有短周期主族元素中原子半径最大的元素。根据以上信息回答下列问题:

(1)B与D形成化合物BD2的结构式为              ,B元素形成的同素异形体的晶体类型可能是                          

(2)A、C、D三元素能形成一种强酸甲,写出单质B与甲的浓溶液反应的化学反应方程式                                              。FD2气体通入BaCl2和甲的混合溶液,生成白色沉淀和无色气体CD,有关反应的离子方程式

为___________________________________________。

(3)均由A、D、E、F四种元素组成的两种盐,其相对分子质量相差16,写出它们在溶液中相互作用的离子方程式为__________________________________________;

由B、D、E组成的盐溶于水后溶液显碱性,其原因是(用离子方程式表示)______________________________。

(4)C2A4 ─ 空气燃料电池是一种碱性燃料电池。电解质溶液是20%~30%的KOH溶液。则燃料电池放电时:正极的电极反应式是______________________________________。

答案

(1)O=C=O;原子晶体、分子晶体;

(2)C + 4HNO3(浓)CO2↑+ 4NO2↑+2H2O;

3SO2 + 2NO3 + 3Ba2+ + 2H2O ="=" 3BaSO4↓+ 2NO + 4H+

(3)H+ + HSO3 ="=" SO2↑+ H2O;CO32+ H2OHCO3+OH

(4)O2 + 2H2O + 4e ="=" 4OH

阅读理解

I’m sure many of you have seen Star Wars, Jurassic Park, Multiplicity, or many of the other movies that describe cloning. Most of what you see in these movies is false. What you don’t know is that cloning could be dangerous, to the clone and to our society as a whole. I think human cloning is wrong mainly for four reasons.

What about identity? Humans are promised the right to their own personalities. What would happen if we ignore those rights by giving them someone else’s genetic identity? True, Cloning may prevent people from possessing their identities.

Also, these is a large power struggle here. Cloning means a degree of power and controls over another person’s physical identity and that ignores their rights and their only personalities. The person doing the cloning would have more power than any parent would have.

Cloning would also deal with killing embryos (胚胎). You might not have known, but Dolly, the sheep that was cloned in 1996, was one of over 200 sheep embryos and hers was the only embryo that survived. The rest died or were thrown away. Imagine if the failure rate was that high when we started to clone humans. cloning means running the risk of wasting too much effort

Cloning someone, at this present time, would be extremely dangerous to the birth mother and the clone. In studies done on cows, 4 out of 12 birth mothers died. There is a very high failure rate, which is shown in the cloning of Dolly. Even if you had a few good embryos, failures have been noticeable in animal tests.

So, should we work ahead in the world of cloning? I say no. the risks are greater than the benefits. It’s dangerous to the clone and to the birth mother. We would be killing human lives in the process. It would also be a violation(侵害) of the clone’s right to its own genetic identity and personality.

小题1:The author thinks human cloning is wrong mainly for ______ reasons.

A.4

B.3

C. 2

D.5小题2:According to the article, what is the author’s opinion about identity?

A.Cloning itself gives parents great power over identity.

B.People’s identity is completely determined by their genes.

C.Government has the rights to confirm people’s identities.

D.Cloning may prevent people from possessing their identities.小题3:According to Paragraph 4 ,which is right ?      ____.

A.human cloning is much more difficult than animal cloning

B.there are 200 sheep successfully cloned.

C.cloning means running the risk of wasting too much effort

D.numbers of baby animals are likely to be created by cloning小题4:Why does the author mention some movies in the first paragraph?

A.To introduce the topic of the article.

B.To present his idea about the movies.

C.To state the conclusion first.

D.To make the article unusual.小题5: What is the best title of the passage?

A.What Is Human Cloning

B.Human Cloning Is Wrong

C.How Does Human Cloning Happen

D.Discussion On Human Cloning

判断题