问题 材料题

阅读下列材料:

材料一 传说我国养蚕、缫丝、织绸是嫘祖发明的,也是她首先向人民传播的。

材料二 考古工作者在山西夏县西阴村新石器时代遗址中,曾发现过一个被刀子切过的蚕茧。在江苏吴江县钱山漾发掘的新石器中时代遗址中,发现绢片、丝带、丝线等。在殷代的甲骨文中,已有“蚕”、“桑”、“丝”、“帛”等字,在一片甲骨文上还刻有“用三头牛祭蚕神”的内容。

材料三 汉武帝东巡封禅泰山,一路上用于赏赐臣僚的绢帛便有百万匹。当时政府用赋税的方式从民间征收的绢帛达五百万匹。而要织五百万匹绢,至少须用鲜茧四十万担。两汉时简书、帛书并行,西汉简书多于帛书,东汉后期则帛书大大多于简书。唐朝《元和郡县志》画了一幅开元年间“唐代贡赋丝绵和丝织品州府分布图”,图上标明黄河流域贡赋丝绵和丝织品的州府比长江流域普遍。杜甫曾写“齐纨鲁缟车班班,男耕女桑不相失”诗,描绘齐鲁的丰饶景象。

材料四 北宋时,黄淮流域及其以北广大地区,向北宋所交纳的丝织品比江南少,而两浙路(今苏南和浙江)只是当时全国二十几路中的一路,它所交纳的丝织品,却占全国四分之一。南宋时,江浙太湖地区丝蚕业十分繁盛。

请回答:

(1)你怎样认识嫘祖发明丝蚕的传说?

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(2)依据上述材料概述我国丝蚕业从传说时代到唐朝时期的发展情况。

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(3)依据材料说明两宋时期丝蚕业与唐朝相比发生了什么变化?请从宋词知识的角度分析这种变化的原因。

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答案

(1)传说:养蚕、缫丝、织绸,工序繁多,不可能以一人之力独创。必然是聚集了无数劳动人民长期的智慧和经验才形成。但“传说”至少能说明丝蚕业在我国很早就开始了。

(2)情况:丝蚕业早在新石器时代的黄河流域和长江流域就已出现。商时是重要的生产部门。西汉时生产规模很大产量很高,东汉在西汉基础上又有了发展。直至唐时,黄河流域丝蚕业都远超江南,齐鲁更甚。

(3)变化:两宋时丝蚕业重心已经南移,江南地区尤其苏南浙江最为发达,甚至家家养蚕户户织丝。原因:南宋词人李清照、辛弃疾的作品都充满着强烈爱国的或悲壮或感伤情怀,反映北宋灭亡,北方战乱,人口南迁,社会变换。北人大量南逃,既为江南丝蚕业带来了大量劳动力,又为丝蚕业提供了一定的销售市场。

阅读理解

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中的两项为多途选项。根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中的两项为多途选项。

In many parts of the world, cars play an important role in daily life and many societies would not exist without them.  小题1: But this is the prediction made by a team of transport researchers who are taken seriously, not only by government but also by car manufacturers.

The Human Science and Advanced Technology Institute at Loughborough in the UK is part of an international research program.  小题2: That will mean much saving, no accidents and better use of roads. The super-intelligent car in the future will drive itself.  小题3: Instead, we will have a choice of cars and change them as frequently as we change our clothing.

According to Dr. David Davis, who leads the research team, these predictions are based on the rising cost of the car culture, which had blocked up our cities, polluted our air, and caused more deaths than both world wars put together.

Davis says, cars will be fitted with some intelligent devices(装置) to regulate(调节) the distance between one car and another.  小题4: computers are much safer drivers than people, so cars in a road train will be able to drive much closer together than cars driven by people.

By 2010, Dr. David Davis believes, car technology will give motorists a clear view of the road, whatever the weather conditions, by projecting an image of the road ahead on to the car’s windscreen.  小题5: Cars will be connected by an electronic tow bar to the car in front to form “road-trains”. “The front vehicle in such a train burns the normal amount.”says Davis. “but all the others in the train would burn about ten percent of the normal amount,  and so produce about ten percent of the pollution.”

A.The team there believes that by 2030 all cars will be computerized.

B.They believe that cars will become more important in 20 years.

C.And it will not be owned by one individual.

D.And by 2030, cars will travel in line, linked to each other electronically.E.So the idea that in 20 years’ time, no one will own cars may be hard to believe.

F.Every driver will use less fuel in the car he owns.

G.The car will automatically speed up, or slow down, to match the speed of the car in front.

单项选择题