第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空，

并将答案填在标号为31-40的相应位置。

In country after country, talk of nonsmokers’ right is in the air. While a majority of countries have taken little or   31   action yet, some 30 nations introduced steps based on the law to control smoking. Many laws have been made in other   32   to help clear the air for nonsmokers, or to cut the quantity of cigarettes.

In some developed countries the quantity of cigarettes has become more or less fixed. However, in many   33   (develop) nations, smoking is seen as a sign of economic progress – and is   34  encouraged. As more tobacco companies go international, new markets are sought to gain new   35   in those countries. For example, great efforts are made by the American tobacco industry to sell cigarettes in Middle East and North Africa,   36   sales of tobacco increased by more than 27 percent in 1974.

World government should lead the battle   37   smoking. Limitations on cigarette advertisements, plus health warnings on packages and forbidding public smoking in certain places, are   38   most popular tools used by nations in support of nonsmoker or controlling smoking. But world attention also is being paid to another step which will make the smoker increasingly self-conscious (自觉的) and uncomfortable about his habit. Great efforts should   39   (make) to inform young people especially of the shocking results of taking up the habit. And cigarette price should be raised.

In the long run,   40   is no doubt that everybody would be much better-off if smoking were forbidden altogether, but people are not ready for such strong action.