问题 选择题

关于人的伸肘和屈肘运动,下列叙述中错误的是(  )

A.当人伸肘和屈肘运动时,肱二头肌和肱三头肌同时收缩和舒张

B.人的伸肘和屈肘运动要消耗能量,能量来自于肌细胞内有机物的氧化分解

C.都是以骨骼为杠杆,关节为支点,骨骼肌收缩为动力完成的

D.人的伸肘和屈肘运动要受神经系统的协调和控制

答案

骨的位置的变化产生运动,但是骨本身是不能运动的.骨的运动要靠骨骼肌的牵拉.骨骼肌包括中间较粗的肌腹和两端较细的肌腱(乳白色),同一块骨骼肌的两端跨过关节分别固定在两块不同的骨上.骨骼肌有受刺激而收缩的特性,当骨骼肌受神经传来的刺激收缩时,就会牵动着它所附着的骨,绕着关节活动,于是躯体就产生了运动.但骨骼肌只能收缩牵拉骨而不能将骨推开,因此一个动作的完成总是由两组肌肉相互配合活动,共同完成的.例如,屈肘动作和伸肘动作的产生.屈肘时,肱二头肌收缩,肱三头肌舒张,伸肘时,肱三头肌收缩,肱二头肌舒张. 在运动中,神经系统起调节作用,骨起杠杆的作用,关节起支点作用,骨骼肌起动力作用.运动并不是仅靠运动系统来完成.它需要神经系统的控制和调节.它需要能量的供应,因此还需要消化系统、呼吸系统、循环系统等系统的配合.当我们进行剧烈运动的时候,不但全身骨胳肌的活动加强了,呼吸也加深加快,可以吸入更多的氧,呼出更多的二氧化碳;同时,心跳也随着加强加快,促进血液更快地循环,输送给骨胳更多的养料和氧,运走更多的废物.人体各个器官系统的协调活动,充分体现出人体是一个统一的整体.综上所述,当人伸肘和屈肘运动时,肱二头肌和肱三头肌同时收缩和舒张的说法是错误的.

故选:A

阅读理解
阅读并完成表格。
     Some people believe that your nationality can influence your personality. This is why you might
hear someone saying "She is a typical (典型的) Australian" or "He is so French". It seems that people
from a certain country share certain similar characteristics.
     French
     French people are often seen as romantic and outgoing people with a great love for life, food and
wine. They are good at singing and dancing.
     Chinese
    Chinese are friendly people who are hard-working. They are polite because they are careful about
"saving face" when dealing with other people.
     Australians
     Australians are merry people who spend a lot of time outdoors. They enjoy a slower life. They laugh
a lot but sometimes people think they are loud and rude.
     Germans
     Germans are often described as being serious and careful. They are hard workers and pay a lot of
attention to details. However, sometimes people say Germans have no sense of humour.
     All these national types can be true for some people, but very wrong for others. For example, you
might meet a German who is a confident singer with a great sense of humour, or an Australian who is
shy and quiet.!
                                               Personalities and Nationalities
OpinionPeople from a certain country (1)          similar characteristics
Examples
French●Romantic and (2)        
●Love life, food and wine
●Good singers and (3)        
(4)       
●Friendly, hard-working and polite
●Afraid of "(5)       face" before others.
Australians

●Like to stay (6)       ,enjoy a slower life.
●(7)       a lot.
●Merry, sometimes loud and rude.
Germans
●Pay attention to (8)       .
●Serious and careful, not (9)       .
ConclusionNationalities may (10)        personalities, but not for all!
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