问题 单项选择题

在增强权能社会工作中,社会工作者与受助者建立的是( )关系。

A.倡导者
B.管理者
C.伙伴
D.领导者

答案

参考答案:C

解析:在增强权能社会工作中,社会工作者应避免以权威的姿态出现,而是要与受助者建立平等的伙伴关系。

单项选择题

A good modern newspaper is an extraordinary piece of reading. It is remarkable first for what it contains the range of news from local crime to international politics, from sports to business to fashion to science, and the range of comment and special features (特定) as well, from editorial page to feature articles and interviews to criticism of books, art, theatre and music. A newspaper is even more remarkable for the way one reads it never completely, never straight through, but always by jumping from here to there, in and out glancing at one piece, reading another article all the way through, reading just a few paragraphs of the next.
A good modern newspaper offers a variety to attract many different readers, but far more than any one reader is interested in. What brings this variety together in one place is its topicality (时事性), its immediate relation to what is happening in your world and your locality now. But immediacy and the speed of production that goes with it mean also that much of what appears in a newspaper has no more than transient (短暂的) value.
For all these reasons, no two people really read the same paper: what each person does is to put together out of the pages of that day’s paper, his own selection and sequence, his own news paper. For all these reasons, reading newspapers efficiently, which means getting what you want from them without missing things you need but without wasting time, demands skill and self-awareness as you modify and apply the techniques of reading.

According to the passage, the reason why no two people really read the same newspaper is that ______.

A. people scan for the news they are interested in
B. different people prefer different newspapers
C. people are rarely interested in the same kind of news
D. people have different views about what a good newspaper is

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面文章,完成14—16题。

诗与画是同胞兄弟,它们都来自于生活中的环境、感情。如果没有环境的启发、感情的激动,人们写出的诗或画出的画,必然是无病呻吟或枯燥乏味的。但一首好诗和一幅好画,给人们的享受各有一定的分量,有不同的内核。

杜甫《奉观严郑公厅事岷山沱江画图》诗云:“沱水流中坐,岷山到北堂。”…“岷山沱江画图”这幅画我们已经无从看到,但可知画上未必在山上注写“岷山”,在水中注写“沱水”。即使曾有注字,而“流”和“到”也必无从注出,再退一步讲,水的“流”可用水纹表示,而山的“到”,又岂能画上两脚呢?无疑这是诗人赋予图画的内容,引发观画人的情感,诗与画因此相得益彰。今天此画虽已不存,而读此诗时,画面便如在眼前。甚至可以说,如真见原画,还未必比得上读诗所想的那么完美。

曾见一幅南宋人画的纨扇,画一条大船停泊在河边,岸上一带城墙,天上一轮明月。船比较高大,几占画面三分之一,相当充塞。题字是两句诗,“泬明月夜,淡泊早秋天。”这画的特点在于诗意是冷落寂寥的,而画面上却是景物稠密的,用这样稠密的景物,竟能把“泬寥①”“明月夜”和“淡泊”“早秋天”的难状内容,和盘托给观者。足使任何观者都不能不承认画出了以上四项内容,而且了无差错。如果先有题字,则是画手善于传出诗意,这定是深通诗意的画家;如果先有画,则是题者善于捉住画中的气氛,而用语言加工成为诗句。如诗非写者所作.题画者则是一位善于选句的专家。总之,或诗中的情感被画家领悟,或画家的情感被题者领悟了。

元代“文人画”已然成为主流。无论画家所画是山林丘壑还是枯木竹石,他们最先的前提,不是物象是否得真,而是点划是否舒适。即是志在笔墨,而不是志在物象。而这种舒适笔墨下的物象,又与他们的诗情相结合,成为一种新的东西。在这种创作思想支配下,画上的题诗,与物象是舍是离,就更不在他们考虑之中了。他们的画或诗以及诗画合成的一幅幅作品,都是自标新义、自铸伟辞。说它们是瑰宝、是杰作,是因为这些诗人、画家所画的画、所写的字、所题的诗,其中都具有作者的灵魂、人格、学养。纸上表现出的艺能,不过是他们的灵魂、人格、学养升华后的反映而已。

南宋邓椿《画继》记载过皇帝以诗为题考画院的画手。什么“乱山藏古寺”,画山中庙宇的都不及格,有人画山中露出鸱尾、旗杆的才及了格。“万绿丛中红一点”,画绿叶红花的都不及格,有人画竹林中关人有一点绛唇的乃得中选。“踏花归去马蹄香”,画家无法措手,有人画马蹄后追随飞舞着蜜蜂蝴蝶,便夺了魁。如此等等的故事,如果不是记录者想象捏造的.那只可以说这些画是“画谜”,谜面是画,谜底是诗,庸俗无聊,难称大雅。如果是记录者想象出来的,那么那些位记录者可以说“定非知诗人”了。  

(取材于启功《谈诗书画的关系》)

注:①泬(xuè)寥:空旷的样子。②鸱(chī)尾:中式房屋屋脊两端的陶制装饰物,形状略像鸱的尾巴。

小题1:下列说法符合文意的一项是(3分)                                                      (   )

A.在画面上无法用题字的方法注明所画内容,题字的做法是非常荒唐可笑的。

B.只有画面内容丰富,才能把诗句中难以用语言传达出的诗意充分表达出来。

C.“文人画”的画面形象可能与现实形象有很大差别,但画家对此并不在意。

D.曾有古书记载皇帝以诗为题,考查画院画手。作者认为这种记载不可相信。小题2:根据文意,分条概述诗与画的关系。(5分)

小题3:齐白石先生曾绘一幅画,并题诗“蛙声十里出山泉”(见下图)。请你根据上文作者对诗画关系的评述,评价这幅画。(200字左右)(10分)