问题 单项选择题

完全不考虑程序的内部结构和内部特征,而只是根据程序功能导出测试用例的测试方法是

A.黑箱测试法

B.白箱测试法

C.错误推测法

D.安装测试法

答案

参考答案:A

解析:[命题目的] 让考生熟练掌握常用的测试方法及其概念。[解题要点] 黑箱测试方法完全不考虑程序的内部结构和内部特征,而只是根据功能导出测试用例。白箱测试是根据对程序内部逻辑结构的分析来选取测试用例,白箱测试也称为逻辑覆盖测试,故选项B) 不正确;错误推测法只是黑箱测试所使用的一种具体的方法,故选项C) 不正确;安装测试是测试层次中的一种,它属于高级测试,故选项D) 不正确。[考点链接] 常用的黑箱测试方法及其定义,白箱测试用例的准则。

单项选择题

Young girls at high risk for depression appear to have a malfunctioning reward system in their brains, a new study suggests. The finding comes from research that (1) a high-risk group of 13 girls, aged 10 to 14, who were not depressed but had mothers who (2) recurrent depression and a low-risk group of 13 girls with no (3) or family history of depression. Both groups were given MRI brain (4) while completing a task that could (5) either reward or punishment.

(6) with girls in the low-risk group, those in the high-risk group had (7) neural responses during both anticipation and receipt of the reward. (8) , the high-risk girls showed no (9) in an area of the brain called the dorsal anterior cingulated cortex (背侧前扣带皮质), believed to play a role in (10) past experiences to assist learning.

The high-risk girls did have greater activation of this brain area (11) receiving punishment, compared with the other girls. The researchers said that this suggests that high-risk girls have easier time (12) information about loss and punishment than information about reward and pleasure.

"Considered together with reduced activation in the striatal (纹状体的) areas commonly observed (13) reward, it seems that the reward-processing system is critically (14) in daughters who are at elevated risk for depression, (15) they have not yet experienced a depressive (16) ," wrote Ian H. Gotlib, of Stanford University, and his colleagues. " (17) , longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether the anomalous activations (18) in this study during the processing of (19) and losses are associated with the (20) onset of depression," they concluded. The study was published in the April of the Archives of General Psychiatry.

12()

A.processing

B.counting

C.employing

D.implying

问答题 简答题