问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面文字,回答文后题目。

苏州园林里都有假山和池沼。假山的堆叠,可以说是一项艺术而不仅是技术。或者是重峦叠嶂,或者是几座小山配合着竹子花木,全在乎设计者和匠师们生平多阅历,胸中有丘壑,才能使游览者攀登的时候忘却苏州城市,只觉得身在山间。①至于池沼,大多引用活水。②有些园林池沼宽敞,就把池沼作为全园的中心,其他景物配合着布置。③水面假如成河道模样,往往安排桥梁。④假如安排两座以上的桥梁,那就一座一个样,决不雷同。⑤池沼或河道的边沿很少砌齐整的石岸,总是高低屈曲任其自然。⑥还在那儿布置几块玲珑的石头,或者种些花草:这也是为了取得从各个角度看都成一幅画的效果。⑦池沼里养着金鱼或各色鲤鱼,夏秋季节荷花或睡莲开放,游览者看“鱼戏莲叶间”,又是入画的一景。

苏州园林栽种和修剪树木也着眼在画意。高树与低树俯仰生姿。落叶树与常绿树相间,花时不同的多种花树相间,这就一年四季不感到寂寞。没有修剪得像宝塔那样的松柏,没有阅兵式似的道旁树:因为依据中国画的审美观点看,这是不足取的。有几个园里有古老的藤萝,盘曲嶙峋的枝干就是一幅好画。开花的时候满眼的珠光宝气,使游览者感到无限的繁华和欢悦,可是没法说出来。

游览苏州园林必然会注意到花墙和廊子。有墙壁隔着,有廊子界着,层次多了,景致就见得深了。可是墙壁上有砖砌的各式镂空图案,廊子大多是两边无所依傍的,实际是隔而不隔,界而未界,因而更增加了景致的深度。有几个园林还在适当的位置装上一面大镜子,层次就更多了,几乎可以说把整个园林翻了一番。

小题1:对“假山的堆叠,可以说是一项艺术而不仅是技术”这句话的理解,不正确的一项是

A.假山的堆叠讲究艺术,技术并不重要。

B.假山的堆叠是艺术的产物,但也少不了技术。

C.假山的堆叠是艺术和技术的完美结合。

D.假山的堆叠既讲究技术,更讲究艺术。小题2:“假如安排两座以上的桥梁,那就一座一个样,决不雷同”这句话的作用是

A.说明苏州园林中的桥梁形式多样。

B.突出苏州园林追求自然之趣,绝不讲究对称的特征。

C.强调苏州园林建筑艺术的多样化。

D.说明苏州园林的设计者和匠师们“生平多阅历,胸中有丘壑”。小题3:文中写池沼用了七句话,层次划分准确的一项是

A.①②③‖④⑤⑥‖⑦

B.①②‖③④⑤⑥‖⑦

C.①‖②③④‖⑤⑥‖⑦

D.①‖②③④‖⑤‖⑥⑦小题4:下列表述不正确的一项是

A.“又是入画的一景”指的是游览者看“鱼戏莲叶间”。

B.“修剪得像宝塔那样的松柏”“阅兵式似的道旁树”运用了打比方的说明方法。

C.“几乎可以说把整个园林翻了一番”中“几乎”一词体现了说明文语言的特点。

D.三段文字的第一句话所起的作用是不同的。

答案

小题1:A

小题1:B

小题1:C

小题1:D

小题1:本题考查学生分析文章内容的能力。抓住句中“不仅”这一词语来分析即可。

小题1:本题考查学生分析文章内容的能力。此句的主要作用是为了突出苏州园林的特征的。

小题1:本题考查学生分析文章层次的能力。正确的层次为①‖②③④‖⑤⑥‖⑦。

小题1:本题考查学生分析文章内容的能力。D、三段文字的第一句话所起的作用是相同的。

填空题
单项选择题

Being a good parent is harder now than it has ever been before. In pressurised modern lives, demands to be a fulfilled individual, and a good partner and a good worker, take no account of being a good parent. We haven’t left space for the nurturing parents expect to provide and children need. As a result, many parents in the western world just don’t work.

Something will have to change. With luck, people in the future will only have children if they really want them And that should mean that parenthood is seen as a much more positive commitment than it is now, and that parents are socially supported, and admired for doing a good job.

The problem is that in the last generation or so we’ve come to assume that women should be able, and should want, to do everything that by tradition men have done at the same time as pretty well as everything that by tradition women have done. And it’s just not possible. Indeed since adopting a male agenda in life is arguably only another form of submission (男尊女卑), quite a number of highly educated and economically privileged women are now choosing to take career breaks so as to be at home with their children for longer than that insulting 18 weeks*.

The most welcome trend in parenting is that men are participating more and more. Even that is not free of conflict, though. Intellectually, women want men to be equal parents and do their share. But there’s often a contradictory emotional sub-text because children are the last bastion (堡垒) of distaff power (女性的权利) in the family. "I want him to help me but this is my territory and being better at it is one of the few things I’ve got as a female. "

Having children—especially the first child—puts a bigger strain on a couple’s relationship than anything else they ever do. So a future of smaller families and more people choosing not to have children at all could well leave couples closer than they are today; for many, the purpose of being together would be solely to pleasure and support each other-an interesting prospect.

*在英国,妇女的法定产假是18周。

It is assumed by the last generation or so that ().

A. women should stay home while men go out to work

B. women should go out to have their own careers

C. women should be able and willing to do the housework and hold a job at the same time

D. women and men should equally share the housework and have equal opportunities at work