问题 改错题

阅读下列材料,回答问题

材料一:至恭亲王奕訢等奏请购买外洋船炮,则为今日救时之第一要务……可以剿发捻,可以勤远略。

──曾国藩《复陈购买外洋船炮折》

材料二:三权分立,然后政体备。以我朝论之,皇上则为元首,百体所从,军机号为政府,出纳王命。

──康有为《应诏统筹全局折》

材料三:义和团揭帖:神助拳,义和团,只因鬼子闹中原……挑铁路,把线砍,旋再破坏大轮船;大法国,心胆寒,英吉、俄罗势萧然。一切鬼子全杀尽,大清一统升庆平。

──《拳匪纪实》

回答:

(1)上述材料一、二分别出自哪些政治派别的观点?他们分别领导了什么运动?(4分)

(2)在对待西学问题上,材料一、二有何不同?(6分)

(3)材料三反映的是哪个阶级的什么历史运动?近代史上这个阶级还发动了哪个运动?两次运动有什么最大区别?(6分)

答案

⑴洋务派:领导了洋务运动;(2分)资产阶级维新派:领导了戊戌变法。(2分)

⑵材料一主张学习西方的军事和科技,材料二主张不但要学习西方的军事和科技,还要学习西方的政治制度。(6分)

⑶义和团运动;(2分)太平天国运动;(2分)义和团运动不反抗清政府,太平天国运动反抗清政府。(6分)

(1)材料一是曾国藩的观点,他是洋务派,领导的是洋务运动;康有为是维新派,领导的是维新变法运动(2)材料一主张学习西方的军事和科技。维新变法还主张学习西方的政治制度(3)材料三“神助拳,义和团,”是农民阶级的义和团运动,还有太平天国运动。义和团运动主要是反帝,太平天国运动反抗清政府。

判断题
问答题

When workers become more efficient, it’s normally a good thing. But lately, it has acted as a powerful brake on job creation. And the question of whether the recent surge in productivity has run its course is the key to whether job growth is finally poised to take off.

One of the great surprises of the economic downturn that began 27 months ago is this.. Businesses are producing only 3 percent fewer goods and services than they were at the end of 2007, yet Americans are working nearly 10 percent fewer hours because of a mix of layoffs and cutbacks in the workweek.

(46) That means high-level gains in productivity--which in the long run is the key to a higher standard of living but in the short run contributes to sky-high unemployment. So long as employers can squeeze dramatically higher output from every worker, they won’t need to hire again despite the growing economy.

(47) On Friday, the Labor Department will release a closely watched March employment report expected to show the pest job growth in three years, driven by stabilization in the economy and a rebound from February snowstorms.

A p March job-growth number-at a time when the economy is growing at only a middling pace--would suggest that the productivity boom has largely run its course. (48) Regardless, the question of what caused the burst in workers’ efficiency is one of the great unanswered questions of the expansion and has huge stakes for the economy over the coming year.

"It is an episode that we’re going to--we, economists in general--are going to want to understand better and look at for a long time," Federal Reserve Chairman Ben S. Bernanke said at a hearing last week in which he described the productivity gains as "extraordinary" and acknowledged he had not foreseen them.

(49) Businesses have certainly not been investing in new equipment that might enable workers to be more efficient-capital expenditures plummeted during the recession and are rebounding slowly. (50) And the structural shifts occurring in the economy are so profound that one would expect productivity to be lower, rather than higher, as people need new training to work in parts of the economy that are growing, such as exports and the clean-energy sector.

So what’s happening As best as anyone can guess, the crisis that began in 2007 and deepened in 2008 caused both businesses and workers to panic.

(48) Regardless, the question of what caused the burst in workers’ efficiency is one of the great unanswered questions of the expansion and has huge stakes for the economy over the coming year.