问题 填空题

金属是一种重要的材料,人类的生活和生产都离不开金属.钢铁的生产和使用是人类文明和社会进步的一个重要标志,你是否知识全世界每年因生锈损失的钢铁,约占世界年产量的四分之一.

(1)南京长江三桥是世界上第一座弧线形的钢塔斜拉桥,桥身钢结构覆盖氟碳涂料,可以保证50年不生锈,其防锈的原理是(根据生铁条件说明) _________ .

(2)食品生产商为了延长食品保持期,有时候在食品包装袋中放入少量用透气的纸袋装的干燥铁粉,其作用是 _________ .

(3)铝的活动性比铁强,但铝在空气中却表现出良好的抗腐蚀性,其原因是什么? _________ .

(4)铜钱在历史上曾经是一种广泛流通的货币,已知铜的熔点是1083.4℃,铁的熔点是1534.8℃.试从物理性质和化学性质的角度分析,为什么用铜而不用铁来铸造货币? _________ .

(5)人们对资源保护的意识日趋增强,为了节约金属资源,家庭日用器皿应不用或少用金属材料,你认为下列保护金属资源的途径不合理的是 _________ .

①防止金属腐蚀;②回收利用废旧金属;

③禁止生产易造成金属腐蚀的化工产品;④合理有效地开采矿物.

(6)如图1是一氧化碳还原氯化铁的实验装置图,实验开始时,应该先通一会儿一氧化碳,然后再给氯化铁加热的原因是 _________ ,写出硬质玻璃管内发生反应的化学方程式: _________ .最后尾气进行点燃的目的是 _________ .

(7)图2表示了金属活动性顺序表中铜、锡、铁和铝元素被人类大规模开发、利用的大致年限.根据图中数据和有关的化学知识,你认为金属大规模开发、利用的先后顺序跟下列哪些因素有关 _________ .

①地壳中金属元素的含量②属的导电性   ③金属的活动性

④属的延展性   ⑤金属冶炼的难易程度

答案

(1)氟碳涂料可以使钢材与水和氧气隔绝;

(2)铁能与氧气、水蒸气反应,从而防止食品腐败和变软;

(3)铝的表面生成致密的氧化铝薄膜(或氧化铝膜);

(4)铜的熔点比铁低易于铸造,铁比铜活泼容易锈蚀;

(5)③;

(6)防止CO与空气混合加热后爆炸;3CO+Fe2O32Fe+3CO2;CO有毒,防止它污染空气;

(7)③⑤.

完形填空
完形填空。
     Chinese troupes will perform the 1st Spring Symphony ( 交响乐 ) in China; Dynasty 1900 by the
National Theatre Company of China; Kun Opera Shi Wu Guan ( Fifteen Strings of Coins ); Yue Opera
Butterfly lovers.   1   200 educational art   2   will be organized during the season to provide opportunities
for 100,000 people to   3   with artists. 
     Various   4   will be arranged around the Olympic Games. They   5   the World Tenors ( 男高音) Concert
by five world famous tenors on 6 August, 2008,   6   the "Piano Night in China," featuring 10 world famous
   7  , including Lang Lang, on 19 August.
     The   8   will also highlight (使显著)   9   Chinese arts,  10   Peking Opera and  11  local operas. On  12  
there will be the Peking Opera Quelling The White Bone Demon (San Da Bai Gu Jing );Kun Opera Gongsun
Zidu; Chuan Opera Jin Zi; Huangmei Opera Mei Ren Jiao and  13  .
     The operas Turandot and Madame Butterfly  14   by Giacomo Puccini will be adapted by the NCPA for
the   15   season. The performances are  16   to pay tribute to ( 赞颂 )the artist on the 150th  17   of his birth.
     "The 1st Spring Symphony in China" has attracted attention  18   professionals and the public.  19   the
42 orchestras nationwide, 29 will perform in the National Centre or the Performing Arts. There will be a
Chinese masterpiece in  20   concert.
( )1. A. Much more  
( )2. A. education  
( )3. A. stay       
( )4. A. shows      
( )5. A. include    
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( )8. A. days       
( )9. A. modern     
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( )12. A. playground
( )13. A. others    
( )14. A. created   
( )15. A. old       
( )16. A. written   
( )17. A. year      
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( )20. A. whole     
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B. studies          
B. communicate     
B. meetings          
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B. and                
B. leaders        
B. month           
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B. worked          
B. current           
B. said            
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B. complete      
C. Many more          
C. events          
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C. research        
C. so                   
C. pianists     
C. week             
C. excellent             
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C. interesting       
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C. each        
D. More than                          
D. organizations                
D. live                            
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D. discuss                      
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D. scholars                  
D. season                          
D. traditional                        
D. such as                       
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D. asked                         
D. ancient                          
D. heard                         
D. anniversary                   
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填空题