问题 解答题

某现代化温室蔬菜实验基地,要探究温度对光合作用和呼吸作用的影响,科研人员选取了同一品种,生长状况和质量完全相同的甲、乙、丙、丁、戊五组蔬菜,分别放置在不同温度环境下暗处理1小时后,分别测出其质量变化;然后再同时置于光照下1小时(光照强度相同),分别测其质量,记录数据如下表,请分析数据,回答问题.(实验中不考虑蒸腾作用对蔬菜质量的影响)

组别
温度(单位:℃)2324252627
暗处理1小时后质量的变化(单位:mg)-1-2-3-4-2
光照后1小时与暗处理前的质量变化(单位:mg)+1+2+3+4+2
(1)分析表中数据,暗处理后的五组蔬菜的质量都减轻了,减轻的主要原因是______.温度不同,五组蔬菜减轻的质量也不同,这说明______.

(2)将蔬菜光照1小时后,五组蔬菜的质量都增加了,原因是______.该蔬菜光合作用和呼吸作用最适宜的温度是______.

(3)依据实验结果,要提高温室内该蔬菜的产量,你认为应如何调节温室内的温度?______.

答案

:(1)光合作用只能在光下才能进行,呼吸作用有光无光都能进行,呼吸作用的实质就是分解有机物,释放能量.将五组蔬菜,分别放置在不同温度环境下暗处理的目的是探究温度对呼吸作用的影响,分析表中的数据说明,植物呼吸作用,消耗有机物.温度不同,呼吸作用的强度不同,在一定的范围内,温度越高,呼吸作用越强.

(2)光合作用实质上是绿色植物通过叶绿体,利用光能,把二氧化碳和水转化成储存能量的有机物,并且释放出氧气的过程.分析表中的数据说明,植物进行光合作用制造有机物多于呼吸作用消耗的有机物(或植物进行光合作用积累了有机物).该蔬菜光合作用和呼吸作用最适宜的温度是26℃.

(3)依据实验结果,要提高温室内该蔬菜的产量,白天适当增加室内的温度,增加光合作用的强度;夜晚适当降低室内的温度,降低呼吸作用.利于蔬菜体内有机物的积累.

夜晚适当降低室内的温度,白天适当增加室内的温度.

故答案为:(1)植物呼吸作用,消耗有机物;温度不同,呼吸作用的强度不同(或呼吸作用的强度受温度的影响;或在一定的范围内,温度越高,呼吸作用越强等);

(2)植物进行光合作用制造有机物多于呼吸作用消耗的有机物(或植物进行光合作用积累了有机物);

(3)夜晚适当降低室内的温度,白天适当增加室内的温度.

阅读理解

Samuel Osmond is a 19-year-old law student from Cornwall, England. He never studied the piano. However, he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them. He learns a piece of music by listening to it in parts. Then he thinks about the notes in his head. Two years ago, he played his first piece Moonlight Sonata(奏鸣曲)by Beethoven. He surprised everyone around him.

Amazed that he remembered this long and difficult piece of music and played it perfectly, his teachers say Samuel is unbelievable .They say his ability is very rare, but Samuel doesn’t even realize that what he can do is special. Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents, but music teachers told him he should study music instead. Now, he studies law and music.

Samuel can’t understand why everyone is so surprised. “I grew up with music. My mother played the piano and my father played the guitar. About two years ago, I suddenly decided to start playing the piano, without being able to read music and without having any lessons. It comes easily to me ---I hear the notes and can bear them in mind---each and every note,” says Samuel.

Recently, Samuel performed a piece during a special event at his college. The piece had more than a thousand notes. The audience was impressed by his amazing performance. He is now learning a piece that is so difficult that many professional pianists can’t play it. Samuel says confidently,” It’s all about super memory---I guess I have that gift.”

However, Samuel’s ability to remember things doesn’t stop with music. His family says that even when he was a young boy, Samuel heard someone read a story, and then he could retell the story word for word.

Samuel is still only a teenager. He doesn’t know what he wants to do in the future. For now, he is just happy to play beautiful music and continue his studies.

小题1:What is special about Samuel Osmond?

A.He has a gift for writing music.

B.He can write down the note he hears.

C.He is a top student at the law school.

D.He can play the musical piece he hears.小题2:What can we learn from Paragraph 2?

A.Samuel chose law against the wish of his parents.

B.Samuel planned to be a lawyer rather than a musician.

C.Samuel thinks of himself as a man of great musical ability.

D.Samuel studies law and music on the advice of his teachers.小题3:Everyone around Samuel was surprised because he _________.

A.received a good early education in music

B.played the guitar and the piano perfectly

C.could play the piano without reading music

D.could play the guitar better than his father小题4:What can we infer about Samuel in Paragraph 4?

A.He became famous during a special event at his college.

B.He is proud of his ability to remember things accurately.

C.He plays the piano better than many professional pianists.

D.He impressed the audience by playing all the musical pieces.小题5:Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A.The Qualities of a Musician

B.The Story of a Musical Talent

C.The Importance of Early Education

D.The Relationship between Memory and Music.

判断题