问题 填空题

(10分)下表中列出五种短周期元素A、B、C、D、E的信息,请推断后作答:

元素有关信息
A元素主要化合价为 —2,原子半径为0.074 n m 
B所在主族序数与所在周期序数之差为4
C原子半径为0.102 n m,其单质在A的单质中燃烧,发出明亮的蓝紫色火焰
D最高价氧化物的水化物,能按1∶1电离出电子数相等的阴、阳离子
E原子半径为0.075 n m,最高价氧化物的水化物与其氢化物组成一种盐X
(1)画出B的离子结构示意图       ;写出D元素最高价氧化物的水化物电子式        

(2)盐X水溶液显       (填“酸”“碱”“中”)性,用离子方程式解释其原因          ;(3)D2CA3的溶液与B的单质能发生反应,其反应的离子方程式为                  

(4)已知E元素的某种氢化物Y与A2的摩尔质量相同。Y与空气组成的燃料电池是一种碱性燃料电池,电解质溶液是20~30%的KOH溶液。该燃料电池放电时,正极的电极反应式是                 

(5)如上图是一个电解过程示意图。假设使用Y-空气燃料电池作为本过程的

电源,铜片质量变化128g,则Y一空气燃料电池理论上消耗标准状况下的空

气(设空气中氧气的体积含量为20%)        L。

答案

(10分,前4个空各1分,后3个空各2分)

(1)   (2)酸,NH4++H2ONH3·H2O+H+

(3)  (4) (5)112

选择题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Tower Bridge is one of London's most well known landmarks. Opened in 1894, this hydraulic (液压的)

bridge can be raised to permit river traffic to pass underneath.

     Visitors to Tower Bridge can enjoy wonderful views of the River Thames from the bridge towers. There

is also a museum which explain how the bascule bridge operates and discusses its history. Tower Bridge is

often incorrectly referred to as London Bridge. London Bridge, however, is a different bridge that is located

directly upstream from Tower Bridge.

     The British Museum is a "must do" for all visitors to London England. Treasures from around the world

can be found in Britain's largest and most popular museum. To top it off, admission to the British Museum is

free of charge.

     Due to the enormous size of the museums, visitors should prioritize what they wish to see. One "must see"

is the Rosetta Stone-a key puzzle piece in the recorded history of humankind. The British Museum is located

in the Bloomsbury district of London in London WC1.

     Greenwich Park is a beautiful large park located a few kilometers away from the centre of London.

Attractions in Greenwich include the Cutty Sark, the Gypsy Moth and the Old Royal Observatory. A painted

line at the observatory indicates zero degrees of longitude (经度).

     Many visitors to Greenwich enjoy having their photos taken with one leg in the western hemisphere (半球)

and the other in the eastern hemisphere. Greenwich is the place where time was officially tracked-"Greenwich

Mean Time" or "GMT".

     Greenwich is located in London SE10.

     The Eurostar high - speed train service provides fast connections between London and Paris and London

and Brussels. The Eurostar trains pass through the 32-mile Channel Tunnel under the English Channel. The

tunnel is also known as the "Euro Tunnel" or "Chunnel". The Channel Tunnel is considered to be one of the

world's great engineering wonders. Trains leave form the Waterloo Rail Station which is located in south

London.

1. If a tourist doesn't have any money on him, which of the following can he do?

A. Visit Tower Bridge.

B. Visit the British Museum.

C. Go around Greenwich Park.

D. Take a Eurostar high-speed train.

2. Where can we find the attraction of the Cutty Sark?

A. On London Bridge.

B. In the Old Royal Observatory.

C. In the British Museum.

D. In Greenwich Park. 

3. What can we learn from the passage?

A. Tower Bridge can be raised mainly to let the water flow faster.

B. The British Museum is the largest museum in the world.

C. Greenwich Park is where the western hemisphere and the eastern hemisphere meet.

D. The Eurostar train can take people from London to many cities in Europe directly.

4. In what web page do you think the passage is probably found?

A. International news.

B. Study abroad.

C. Tourist Information and Travel Guide.

D. Art of architecture.